Elements of inorganic chemistry : descriptive and qualitative . upiter Amnion, in Lybia. Ammonia is an invisible gas possessing a powerful, irri-tating odor, and intensely alkaline properties. Bug. Try the effect of ammonia upon a strip of moist, red litmus paper This gas is very soluble in water, lcc of water at 0° 1148cc of ammonia ; and l1 at 0° and 760mm pres-sure weighs *. It can easily be condensed to a liquidunder a pressure of 7 atmospheres at + ° C.; and thisliquid, on being cooled to — 75° C, becomes a transparentsolid. In passing from a liquid to a gaseous state
Elements of inorganic chemistry : descriptive and qualitative . upiter Amnion, in Lybia. Ammonia is an invisible gas possessing a powerful, irri-tating odor, and intensely alkaline properties. Bug. Try the effect of ammonia upon a strip of moist, red litmus paper This gas is very soluble in water, lcc of water at 0° 1148cc of ammonia ; and l1 at 0° and 760mm pres-sure weighs *. It can easily be condensed to a liquidunder a pressure of 7 atmospheres at + ° C.; and thisliquid, on being cooled to — 75° C, becomes a transparentsolid. In passing from a liquid to a gaseous state, gases alwaysabsorb a large amount of heat. M. Carre has taken advan-tage of this fact in constructing an ice machine. (Fig. 11.) B is a boiler containing a strong solution of ammonia. C isa condenser with an air-tight space between its double whole being surrounded by the non-conducting covering, is gradually warmed over a slow fire, while C is placed ina vessel of cold water. The ammonia of the aqueous solution NITROGEN AND HYDROGEN. 57. in B is driven into the air-tight space in C, where it is con-densed by its own pressure. Water is now placed in C, andB is subjected to a cold bath,when the liquid ammonia in thewalls of C quickly evaporates,and is absorbed by the coldwater in B. This evaporationabstracts so much heat fromthe water in C that it is soonfrozen. Exp. 52 p. Place in a beakerglass a dilute solution of nitricacid, HN03; now carefully add _1|||||||||Lammonia until the solution isneutralized so that it does notaffect litmus paper. Gently evaporate this solution to dryness,when a crystalline salt is obtained. Ammonia unites with acids to form salts, and is knownas the volatile alkali. This action with acids may be>illustrated by the equations: — NH3 + HCI = + HNO3 = NH4N03. It will be seen that the ammonia, NH3, is added directlyto the acid. The compounds thus formed are calledammonium compounds, the group NH4 contained in themlein
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