The world: historical and actual . of Hieronymitemonks, a town clinging to the sides of the mountain-wilderness of the Guadarramas, a swarming clois-ter, an austere hermitage, a fortress,—what was notthis wonderful edifice, begun by Juan Baptistade Toledo in 1563, and occupying 30 years ofPhilips life before it was finished? It was in the year 1560 that Philip II. made Ma-drid the permanent capital of Spain, which it hasremained ever since. In 1581 Philip received hom-age at Lisbon as King of Portugal, intending tomake Madrid the central city of the entire penin- sula. Henry, the cardinal and
The world: historical and actual . of Hieronymitemonks, a town clinging to the sides of the mountain-wilderness of the Guadarramas, a swarming clois-ter, an austere hermitage, a fortress,—what was notthis wonderful edifice, begun by Juan Baptistade Toledo in 1563, and occupying 30 years ofPhilips life before it was finished? It was in the year 1560 that Philip II. made Ma-drid the permanent capital of Spain, which it hasremained ever since. In 1581 Philip received hom-age at Lisbon as King of Portugal, intending tomake Madrid the central city of the entire penin- sula. Henry, the cardinal and king of that coun-try, had died the year before, and under some colorof right Philip demanded the crown. His demandwas not conceded until a Spanish army had deso-lated the land. The successor of Philip, II. was the imbecilePhilip III., who had all his fathers vices withouthis ability. _t„ A weak toolof priests, hewas simplyclay in thehands of theecclesiasticalpotters. Thechief featureof his reignwas the de- smaud of the^N-^ $4. Sff PHILIP III. clergy for theslaughter ofthe Moriscoesor Moors whostill remained in the country and professed com-pliance with the religious requirements of the the reign of Philip II. they had been cruellypersecuted, but it was reserved for the son to finishthe work. They numbered about one million soulsand constituted the better portion of the popula-tion. They were the intelligent husbandmen, skill-ful artisans and learned scholars of Spain. Undertheir influence and fostering care the industries, artsand manufactures of the land had maintained somethrift, notwithstanding the paralizing policy ofPhilip the Catholic. The priests were for mur-dering them all. But the secular influence at thecourt succeeded in somewhat modifying the Moriscoes were ordered to leave the country,taking nothing with them. No less than one hundredthousand lives were lost in carrying out this one stroke was fatally crippled the skilled indu
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectworldhistory, bookyea
