. Steel rails; their history, properties, strength and manufacture, with notes on the principles of rolling stock and track design . Fig. 214. — Machine for Testing Rail Wear at Pennsylvania Steel Company. Extensive tests have beenmade of the tensile strength ofthe steel in the rail by Mr. M. , Engineer of Testsof the Rail Committee of theAmerican Railway EngineeringAssociation, covering rails rolledat Gary and at the LackawannaSteel Company. The rails from the Garyworks were open-hearth steeland 100-pound, A. R. A., TypeB section. The ingots furnishedsix rails, which were letteredA
. Steel rails; their history, properties, strength and manufacture, with notes on the principles of rolling stock and track design . Fig. 214. — Machine for Testing Rail Wear at Pennsylvania Steel Company. Extensive tests have beenmade of the tensile strength ofthe steel in the rail by Mr. M. , Engineer of Testsof the Rail Committee of theAmerican Railway EngineeringAssociation, covering rails rolledat Gary and at the LackawannaSteel Company. The rails from the Garyworks were open-hearth steeland 100-pound, A. R. A., TypeB section. The ingots furnishedsix rails, which were letteredA, B, C, D, E, F, the A railscoming from the top of theingot, etc. Tensile tests were made of pieces ^-inch diameter by 2-inch gauge length, cut from near the top end of each rail, as shown T^ o^r T^- f T> , T^ . T^ 1 rp , ^ Fig. 215. Flvc locatlotts in l<ia. 215. — Diagram of Round lest Pieces; Tensile Tests on Rail Steel. (Wickhorst.) the sections were selected as. STRENGTH OF THE RAIL 305 shown, and tests were made in duplicate, the bar being cut sufficiently long tomake two test pieces. The yield point was determined by means of a Cappsmultiplying divider, which method gives a result somewhat above the elasticlimit, but which, however, is probably sufficiently definite to make it desirableto determine it, and is not subject to the irregularities of the yield point asdetermined by the drop of the beam of the test machine, or even by ordinarydividers. The test pieces were very close to |-inch diameter at the center, but towardthe ends of the gauge length most of them were from .002 to .004 inch larger indiameter. This would tend to make the elongation less than if the diameterwere perfectly uniform. The results of the tensile tests are shown in Table LXXII. The duplicates agree well with each other except in a few cases where thetest pieces broke short as follows: One sample from base of the A rail, onesample from the interior of the head of the
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