Elementary treatise on the finishing of white, dyed, and printed cotton goods . artside and Bradbury (1875). MANGLES. In finishing on calenders the cloth passesthrough continuously, and receives its finish directin single ply whereas in chest mangles the actionis quite different; the cloth is rolled up and themovement given to these rolls of cloth is alternate,so that the great pressure, from the weightedchest, exerted, and the superposition of two threads,produces irregularities. This gives a certain appearance caused byone thread being on the other or by its beingover a space or interval bet
Elementary treatise on the finishing of white, dyed, and printed cotton goods . artside and Bradbury (1875). MANGLES. In finishing on calenders the cloth passesthrough continuously, and receives its finish directin single ply whereas in chest mangles the actionis quite different; the cloth is rolled up and themovement given to these rolls of cloth is alternate,so that the great pressure, from the weightedchest, exerted, and the superposition of two threads,produces irregularities. This gives a certain appearance caused byone thread being on the other or by its beingover a space or interval between two threads,or again by two spaces being one above theother. These varieties of pressure give a parti-cular appearance to the fabric, which cannot beobtained with any other machine. We have pre-viously seen that, by calendering pieces one onthe other, a similar effect is produced, but it isnot equal to that obtained with the mangle. There are several kinds of mangles: the mostancient is the one called the German or chestmangle, which is often preferred (fig. 99 and 100,. MACHINES EMPLOYED IN FINISHING. 253 page 252) it consists of a very smooth woodenor cast iron plate a, fastened to beams b placedside by side, which are supported by transversalbeams c, c. The whole must be erected on solidmasonry, as the mangle being very heavy andreceiving many shocks must have a good founda-tion to keep the plate a always in the same hor-izontal position. At r is a kind of frame in whichare placed the rollers on which the piece to bemangled is rolled. D D (fig. 99) are transversalpieces of wood, which connect the body of theframework and are attached to beams B B chest H G is also of wood and very solidlymade; it is filled with paving stones or old load for a mangle of ordinary dimensions,that is about 10 m. (11 yards) for the length ofthe plate a, placed at 1 m. (393/s) from theground and 2 m. (66) wide, is from 20 kilos (20 to 30 tons). The chest is from6 to 7
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