History of the United States from the earliest discovery of America to the present time . 01 he was inAmerica again, thereafter residing in Eng-land till his death in 1718. He had literallyeiven all for his colony, his efforts on itsbehalf having been to him, so he wrote in1 710, a cause of grief, trouble, and poverty. But the colony itself was amazingly pros-perous. There were internal feuds, mainlypetty, some serious. George Keith griev-ously divided the Quakers by his teachingsagainst slavery, going to law, or service asmagistrates on the part of Quakers, thusimplying that only infidels or
History of the United States from the earliest discovery of America to the present time . 01 he was inAmerica again, thereafter residing in Eng-land till his death in 1718. He had literallyeiven all for his colony, his efforts on itsbehalf having been to him, so he wrote in1 710, a cause of grief, trouble, and poverty. But the colony itself was amazingly pros-perous. There were internal feuds, mainlypetty, some serious. George Keith griev-ously divided the Quakers by his teachingsagainst slavery, going to law, or service asmagistrates on the part of Quakers, thusimplying that only infidels or churchmencould be the colonys officials. Fletchers governorship in 1693-94, underthe royal commission, evoked continual op-position, colonial privileges remaining intactin spite of him. The people from time totime subjected their ground-law to changes, 2 JO ENGLISH AMERICA Li 700 only to render it a fitter instrument of free-dom. In everything save the hereditaryfunction of the proprietary, it was demo-cratic. For many years even the governorscouncil was elective. The colony grew, im-. The Penn Mansion in Philadelphia. migrants crowding in from nearly everyEuropean country, and wealth multiplied tocorrespond. We have, dating from 1698, a history ofPennsylvania by one Gabriel Thomas, fullof interesting information. Philadelphiawas already a noble and beautiful city, i7oo] THE MIDDLE COLONIES 271 containing above 2,000 houses, most ofthem stately, made of brick; three stores,and besides a town house, a market house,and several schools. Three fairs were heldthere yearly, and two weekly markets, whichit required twenty fat bullocks, besidesmany sheep, calves, and hogs, to city had large trade to New York,New England, Virginia, West India, andOld England. Its exports were horses,pipe-staves, salt meats, bread-stuffs, poultry,and tobacco ; its imports, fir, rum, sugar,molasses, silver, negroes, salt, linen, house-hold goods, etc. Wages were three timesas high as in England
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