. The principles and practice of modern surgery. parts ligament. c. Pubic attachment of the tendon of the external oblique. d. Internal oblique, partly raised to show the transversalismuscle. e. Transversalis muscle. ff. Tendon of the transversalismuscle and the fascia trans-versalis, elongated by thepressure of the hernial tu-mor, and protruded throughthe external ring. The ten-don and the fascia transversalis were so blended as notto be distinguished. Thisbag is cut open to show theperitoneal sac: g. Peritoneal sac, connected to thetendinous bag by cellularmembrane. There is fre-quently a co
. The principles and practice of modern surgery. parts ligament. c. Pubic attachment of the tendon of the external oblique. d. Internal oblique, partly raised to show the transversalismuscle. e. Transversalis muscle. ff. Tendon of the transversalismuscle and the fascia trans-versalis, elongated by thepressure of the hernial tu-mor, and protruded throughthe external ring. The ten-don and the fascia transversalis were so blended as notto be distinguished. Thisbag is cut open to show theperitoneal sac: g. Peritoneal sac, connected to thetendinous bag by cellularmembrane. There is fre-quently a considerable quan-tity of fat found between thefascia transversalis arid peri-toneum, which in some casesof direct hernia is protrudedbefore the peritoneum, andin the operation may lead tothe supposition of omentumbeing exposed. h. Testicle. i. Fascia detached from the edgeof the external ring, left ad-hering to the cremaster,which vi^as attached to theoitter side of tlie tumor, whilethe cord was at the outer andback part.—C. A. Key.] Fig. 418 INGUINAL HERNIA. 3. The congenital hernia is a variety of theFg- IS.* oblique, and is so called because that state of parts which permits of it only exists at or soonafter birth. A portion of omentum or intestineaccompanies the testicle in its descent, andpasses down with it into the very pouch of peri-toneum which forms the tunica vaginalis refiexa,before its communication with the general peri-toneal cavity has become obliterated. The sacof hernia is consequently formed by the tunicavaginalis,—its coverings in other respects arethe same as of the oblique variety—and the pro-truded bowel lies in immediate contact with thetesticle, and if not replaced, generally adheresto it. 4. The encysted (or hernia irifantalis) is a sub-variety of the congenital. The protruding bowelpushes before it a sac of peritoneum either intoor close behind the tunica vaginalis, and thistunic and the sac adhere very closely hernia, therefo
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