. Radiography, X-ray therapeutics and radium therapy . atient with prolonged screening;but where, as often happens, the operator is not fully equipped for this classof work, and where his apparatus is not sufficiently powerful to ensuresatisfactory results, he is tempted to approximate the tube and patient asclosely as possible, and, if great care is not exercised, the skin in sensitivepatients may be severely damaged. Under such conditions prolonged screen-ing should be avoided. When it is necessary to screen thoroughly the patientshould be at least two feet from the anti-cathode of the tube,
. Radiography, X-ray therapeutics and radium therapy . atient with prolonged screening;but where, as often happens, the operator is not fully equipped for this classof work, and where his apparatus is not sufficiently powerful to ensuresatisfactory results, he is tempted to approximate the tube and patient asclosely as possible, and, if great care is not exercised, the skin in sensitivepatients may be severely damaged. Under such conditions prolonged screen-ing should be avoided. When it is necessary to screen thoroughly the patientshould be at least two feet from the anti-cathode of the tube, and eventhen the interposition of a thin aluminium filter will be a safeguard. Incases of doubt it is better to test by placing a Sabouraud pastille or Kienbockpaper in the position occupied by the patient, and the tube allowed to run forthe length of time which would correspond to the full examination con-templated. A comparison of the pastille or paper with the usual standardswill show approximately the dose which would be administered to the skin. PLATE XLIIL—Stomach and Colon showing Visceroptosis. a, Abdomen before the meal ; this shows the shadows caused by gas in the stomach and largeintestine. 6, Stomach well filled, situated low down in the pelvis, , Stomach emptying slowly. RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCES OF THE STOMACH 219 surface during the examination. In this way it is possible to save damageto the patient and anxiety to the operator. Radiographic Appearances.—Holzknecht, in an exhaustive paper onthe bismuth examination of the stomach, groups radiographical and clinicalsigns under one symptom complex, so as to show their true diagnosticvalue. This is a most important step in technique. Clinical signs and symptomsshould always be considered together with the radiographical findings, ifwe wish to get the best value from the examination. A consideration ofthe clinical signs will often determine the exact method of investigation weshould employ, and will save
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