. Lacunar basilicae Sancti Macarii, aberdonensis: the heraldic ceiling of the cathedral church of St. Machar, old Aberdeen. ateeor crowned {Facsimile of Heraldic Manuscript, 1542, Ed. 1878, 12). No. 2.] II. The King of France. Azure, three fleurs-de-lis or. The fleur-de-lis appears first as a badge or cognizance borne singly,not on a shield, on the seal of Louis VII. (1137-1170) (Planche).In heraldic form it was borne semee on the shield (France ancient)until the reign of Charles VI. (1380), when the number wasreduced to three (France modern). Boutell (p. 159) says that thechange had been made


. Lacunar basilicae Sancti Macarii, aberdonensis: the heraldic ceiling of the cathedral church of St. Machar, old Aberdeen. ateeor crowned {Facsimile of Heraldic Manuscript, 1542, Ed. 1878, 12). No. 2.] II. The King of France. Azure, three fleurs-de-lis or. The fleur-de-lis appears first as a badge or cognizance borne singly,not on a shield, on the seal of Louis VII. (1137-1170) (Planche).In heraldic form it was borne semee on the shield (France ancient)until the reign of Charles VI. (1380), when the number wasreduced to three (France modern). Boutell (p. 159) says that thechange had been made by the French kings as early as 1364. The original meaning of the emblem has not been conclusivelyexplained, the vexed question whether it was named from the iris-flower or from a spear-head, to both of which it bears some resem-blance, never having been decided. Montagu {Guide to the Studyof Heraldry, p. 6) says: The arguments of M. de Menestrier {LeVeritable Art du Blason) in favour of the iris are so strong as almostto set this question at rest. The name seems to be a variety or corruption of fleur-de-Louis. in 31. 36il]Jiuuizum3li^Bi^. IV [4]


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectheraldr, bookyear1888