. Bison drive - Upper Nez Perce Creek, 1966. Large numbers of bison also move from Yellowstone National Park onto Gallatin National Forest in the Eagle Creek/Bear Creek area, northeast of Gardiner. Land use in this area emphasizes wildlife and precludes domestic livestock. Although most bison remain in this area all winter, some may move north and west beyond the Little Trail Creek/Maiden Basin hydrographic divide and onto private land in the Gardiner Valley. Limited numbers of bison also migrate into the Hellroaring and Slough Creek drainages in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness, a con- gress


. Bison drive - Upper Nez Perce Creek, 1966. Large numbers of bison also move from Yellowstone National Park onto Gallatin National Forest in the Eagle Creek/Bear Creek area, northeast of Gardiner. Land use in this area emphasizes wildlife and precludes domestic livestock. Although most bison remain in this area all winter, some may move north and west beyond the Little Trail Creek/Maiden Basin hydrographic divide and onto private land in the Gardiner Valley. Limited numbers of bison also migrate into the Hellroaring and Slough Creek drainages in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness, a con- gressionally designated wilderness area to the east of the Eagle Creek/Bear Creek area. These drainages are geographically isolated from areas with permitted cattle. An occasional bison moves even farther east and leaves the park boundary by way of Cooke City or Silver Gate. A few individual bison and small groups use public lands contiguous with the northwestern boundary of Yellowstone National Park in the area that is generally north of Grayling Creek/Fir Ridge and referred to as the Lee Metcalf Wilderness and Cabin Creek Recreation and Wildlife Management Area. Land use in this area emphasizes wildlife and precludes domestic livestock. Bison that use this area are unlikely to migrate farther but could associate with domestic livestock if they do. During some winters, substantial numbers of bison move west along the Madison River, Duck Creek, and Cougar Creek and leave Yellowstone National Park in the vicinity of West Yellowstone, although they typically return to the park after snowmelt, normally around May 1. The numbers and timing are highly variable from year to year. After leaving the park, these bison either occupy public lands in the Gallatin National Forest that are allocated to multiple-use management or move onto adjacent private lands, some of which may be occupied by livestock during summer. The number of bison migrating out of the park in any given year is impossible


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