Vault is an arched form used to provide a space with a ceiling or roof. The parts of a vault exert lateral thrust that requires a counter resistance. When vaults are built underground, the ground gives all the resistance required. A tunnel is an underground or underwater passageway, dug through the surrounding soil/earth/rock and enclosed except for entrance and exit.


Railroad Vault Tunnel Construction, 19th Century


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Photo credit: © Science History Images / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No

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