Diagnostic methods, chemical, bacteriological and microscopical, a text-book for students and practitioners . ntly as triangular prisms or coffin-lid crystals. These may be shortened in the form of squares or one or morecorners may be rounded or beveled. By refracted light a greenish tone isobserved when these crystals are present. A second type of the triple phos-phate is that of a star-shaped feathery crystal with points not unlike fernleaves. These crystals are easily soluble in acetic acid and may be identifiedby treating with sodium hydrate and warming when ammonia is evolved. THE URINE.
Diagnostic methods, chemical, bacteriological and microscopical, a text-book for students and practitioners . ntly as triangular prisms or coffin-lid crystals. These may be shortened in the form of squares or one or morecorners may be rounded or beveled. By refracted light a greenish tone isobserved when these crystals are present. A second type of the triple phos-phate is that of a star-shaped feathery crystal with points not unlike fernleaves. These crystals are easily soluble in acetic acid and may be identifiedby treating with sodium hydrate and warming when ammonia is evolved. THE URINE. 349 (5), Calcium Carbonate (CaCOg). This substance frequently occurs in alkaline urine in association withthe amorphous phosphates. It may appear as groups of amorphous materialor may form large spheroidal masses with concentric radiations. Occasionallyit may be observed in dumb-bell like masses which resemble somewhat thesame type of calcium oxalate crystal, from which it may be diflferentiatedby the fact that it is soluble in acetic acid with production of COj, while calciumoxalate remains Fig. 104.—Calcium carbonate. {Hawk.) (B). Organized Sediments.(i). Mucoid material. Mucus is a constituent of practically every specimen of urine, in theform of the nubecula. This appears in the form of small threads whichbranch and interlace in such a way that the entire microscopic field may bepractically taken up by this material. In the meshes of the nubecular threadsare observed the so-called mucous corpuscles, which are practically identicalwith the ordinary leucocyte. Little significance is attached to this form ofmucous threads unless a great increase is observed, when it indicates, as doesmucin, a vesicle catarrh. (2). Epithelial , the only epithelial cells found in the urine are the irregularflat cells from the bladder and urethra or the large flat epithelia seen in theurine of women and arising from the vagina. The presence of large num-bers of other
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