. Botany; an elementary text for schools. Plants. COMPOSITE 411 and pistillate: scales of involucre close, usually not green and leaf-like: torus not chaffy: akene nearly cylindrical, ribbed, with pappus of many soft bristles. Of goldenrods there are many species. They are characteristic plants of the American autumn. They are too critical for the beginner. 27. Inula, elecampane. Large and tall coarse perennial herbs, with large, showy yellow flower- heads 2-4 in. diameter, sunflower-like: leaves large, simple, alternate, and also radical in clumps: heads contain both perfect tubular, and pist
. Botany; an elementary text for schools. Plants. COMPOSITE 411 and pistillate: scales of involucre close, usually not green and leaf-like: torus not chaffy: akene nearly cylindrical, ribbed, with pappus of many soft bristles. Of goldenrods there are many species. They are characteristic plants of the American autumn. They are too critical for the beginner. 27. Inula, elecampane. Large and tall coarse perennial herbs, with large, showy yellow flower- heads 2-4 in. diameter, sunflower-like: leaves large, simple, alternate, and also radical in clumps: heads contain both perfect tubular, and pistil- late ray florets, in one row: receptacle not chaffy: akenes 4-5-ribbed: pappus in one row, bristles hair-like. I. Hel6nium, Linn. Four to 6 ft., rising from a clump of large, ovate, dock-like leaves on heavy petioles: stem leaves sessile or clasping; heads solitary, terminal: involucre bracts ovate, leaf-like, woolly. Weed in damp pasture and along roadside. Summer. 28. Aster, aster. Fig. 227. Perennial herbs, with narrow or broad leaves: heads with several to many white, blue or purple rays in a single series, the ray florets fertile: scales of involucre overlapping, usually more or less green and leafy: torus flat: akenes flattened, bearing soft, bristly pappus. Asters are conspicuous plants in the autumn flora of the country. The kinds are numerous, and it' is difficult to draw specific lines. The beginner will find them too critical. 29. ERlGERON. Fleabank. Annual, biennial or perennial erect herbs, with simple, sessile leaves: heads few- to many-flowered: rays numerous in several rows and pistillate: scales of involucre narrow and equal, scarcely overlapping, not green-tipped: torus flat or convex, naked: pappus of soft bristles. a. Rays very inconspicuous. E. Canadensis, Linn. Horse-weed. Mare's-tail. Fig. 501. Tall, erect, weedy, hairy annual, with strong scent : leaves linear and mostly entire or the root-leaves lobed: heads small and very numerous in a long panicle
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