Clump of honey fungus mushrooms or bootlace mushrooms (Armillaria mellea) at the base of a willow tree on the bank of a chalk stream. This fungus is f

---

Clump of honey fungus mushrooms or bootlace mushrooms (Armillaria mellea) at the base of a willow tree on the bank of a chalk stream. This fungus is found on or around the trunks of coniferous and deciduous trees. It is a tree parasite and the damage it causes is fatal. The fungus spreads by long black bootlace-like strands called rhizomorphs (not seen) which can grow beneath bark, along roots and through the soil. In the bottom left-hand corner can be seen the track of an infected root. Honey fungus mushrooms grow from summer to early winter and are edible once cooked

---

Size: 5173px × 3449px
Photo credit: © SHEILA TERRY/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No

Keywords: 17, 1673, artillery, attackers, defence, defences, defenders, defense, defenses, ditches, engineer, fire, fortifications, fortress, france, french, le, louis, maastricht, military, parallel, prestre, sebastien, siege, trenches, vauban, warfare, xlv, zig-zag