. The fruit-growers guide-book. ork state orchardist, that there were fewer wormyapples where the spray had been applied than in otherparts of the orchard. At first the fruit growers were skep-tical of the value of the means of preventing worminess,so that up to 1885 the practice had been in a purely ex-perimental stage, but thereafter became accepted as theonly effective means of preventing the damages of thecodling moth. The practice of spraying to control fungi had a separateorigin. It was discovered by the vineyardists of Bordeaux,France, in an attempt to protect their vines from downy 112
. The fruit-growers guide-book. ork state orchardist, that there were fewer wormyapples where the spray had been applied than in otherparts of the orchard. At first the fruit growers were skep-tical of the value of the means of preventing worminess,so that up to 1885 the practice had been in a purely ex-perimental stage, but thereafter became accepted as theonly effective means of preventing the damages of thecodling moth. The practice of spraying to control fungi had a separateorigin. It was discovered by the vineyardists of Bordeaux,France, in an attempt to protect their vines from downy 112 The Fruit-Growers Guide-Book mildew, a disease which had been introduced from Amer-ica. The effectiveness of this means of preventing fungoustroubles was cjuickly taken up by the United States De-partment of Agriculture and the state experiment stationsand these have prosecuted the work up to the present timewith a persistency and effitiency vxdiich has won the ad-miration of the world. •?- <fi ? i ^ • h 1 m § ?^. A Barrel Outfit is Suitable for Small Orchards. The operation of ^.praying has come to be regardedas of vital importance to the horticulturist, taking rankalong with each of the other important cultural L. H. Bailey says that Spraying is only one ofthe several practices which are of fundamental importancein the care of fruit plantations. Tillage, fertilizing, pruning Spraying 113 and other cardinal methods in pomology and their impor-tance IS none the less because spraying has proved to be soessential. Spraying is wholly a secondary operation, andits importance is the greater as the other care of the plan-tation is efficient, for the value of the product is therebyheightened. Manyold and neglected orchards are scarcelyworth the trouble and cost of spraying. The operation ofspraying is not always necessary, and it does not, there-fore, always give beneficial results. Unless insect or fun-gus troubles are present, there is no occasion for th
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