A system of practical medicine . the muscles supplied by the facial is common,but the great majority of cases do not depend on disease of the of spasm following paralysis have been already referred to, and 48 DISEASES OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVES a few cases are reported in Avhich spasm, clonic or tonic in character,has resulted from the pressure of tumors or aneurysms on the nervetrunk at the base of the skull. DISEASES OF THE SEVENTH NERVE. Facial Paralysis ; Bells Paralysis. Etiology.—Owing to its exposed position and its course through thebony aqueduct of Fallopius, the seventh is
A system of practical medicine . the muscles supplied by the facial is common,but the great majority of cases do not depend on disease of the of spasm following paralysis have been already referred to, and 48 DISEASES OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVES a few cases are reported in Avhich spasm, clonic or tonic in character,has resulted from the pressure of tumors or aneurysms on the nervetrunk at the base of the skull. DISEASES OF THE SEVENTH NERVE. Facial Paralysis ; Bells Paralysis. Etiology.—Owing to its exposed position and its course through thebony aqueduct of Fallopius, the seventh is one of the nerves mostfrequently paralyzed. In a large majority of cases the affection is due to neuritis, oftentermed rheumatic, and traceable to direct exposure to cold ordraughts, as in sitting by an open window. In many cases, however,there is no history of direct exposure to cold. In purulent middle-ear disease, especially when necrosis or caries ispresent, the nerve is often involved by the inflammatory process. Fig. Course of the facial nerve, aiul its connection with the fifth and glosso-pharyngeal (Leube). Traumatism, again, is responsibk for certain cases. In fracturesof the skull passing through tlic ])(trous bone, tlie nerve is often crushedor torn. It is occasionally divided by stabs or during surgical ope-rations, esj)ecially in the parotid region, and it has been paralyzed bythe pernicious practice of boxing the ears. In obstetric cases it isoccasionally damaged by pressure of the forceps, and even double paral-ysis has occurred in infants from this cause. DISEASES OF THE SEVENTH NERVE. 49 The relative frequency of these causes may be judged l>y the statis-tics of Philip/ who found that per cent, of his cases were of arheumatic nature, per cent, due to ear disease, and per cent, totraui^iatism. Among other causes may be mentioned tumors in the parotidregion and tumors or meningeal inflammation at the base of thebrain. In multiple neuritis on
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