. Concentrate spraying in deciduous orchards. Apples; Spraying and dusting in agriculture; Pulvérisation et poudrage en agriculture; Pulvérisation. 8 applicator demanded nowadays in many fruit growing districts is conditioned to a considerable degree by advertising, by the adequacy of local research in spraying techniques, and by the current preoccupation with super-powered and supersized equipment of all kinds. Davies and Smythe-Homewood mentioned that it is logical to carry out research in sprayer design in the heart of a fruit growing district where the engineer can have the advantage of cl
. Concentrate spraying in deciduous orchards. Apples; Spraying and dusting in agriculture; Pulvérisation et poudrage en agriculture; Pulvérisation. 8 applicator demanded nowadays in many fruit growing districts is conditioned to a considerable degree by advertising, by the adequacy of local research in spraying techniques, and by the current preoccupation with super-powered and supersized equipment of all kinds. Davies and Smythe-Homewood mentioned that it is logical to carry out research in sprayer design in the heart of a fruit growing district where the engineer can have the advantage of close collaboration with entomologists, chemists, and technical advisers as well as fruit growers. It was under such conditions that concentrate sprayers were developed in British Columbia (Fig. 2). As reported by Marshall (39), a group of entomologists, chemists, and horticulturists and, later, an agricultural engineer, teamed with machinists in designing spray equipment to meet a specific need. The available information on spray chemicals, how they are formulated and how they function, was taken into account, as well as that on methods of atomization, and types of blowers and gasoline engines. Abrasion and corrosion-resistant materials were exam- ined, and consideration given to the most effective droplet sizes. Good horticultural practice, and the economics of the fruit industry were kept in mind. The outcome was a one-man sprayer capable of doing what the British Columbia fruit growers wanted at a price most of them could Figure 2—Entomology Laboratory, Summerland, British Columbia. Since the introduction in 1949 of the first commercial concentrate sprayers by two British Columbia manufacturers, and one United States manufacturer, there have been many improvements in design (Fig. 3). The weight of the single-side machines has remained under one ton, but they have become lower and more carefully streamlined in order to pass more readily beneath overhanging branche
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