Domestic architecture of the American colonies and of the early republic . In the treatment of surfaces, supports, and openings the scheme which ulti-mately prevailed in republican times was the puristic classical one of plain walls,windows simply framed, and orders used according to their original structuralfunction, with free-standing columns. The academic elements employed in Colo-nial times to enrich and organize the wall surface fell into disuse: rustication almost 199 AMERICAN DOMESTIC ARCHITECTURE at once, engaged orders by about 1800. Another mode of organization, by shallowsurface arc
Domestic architecture of the American colonies and of the early republic . In the treatment of surfaces, supports, and openings the scheme which ulti-mately prevailed in republican times was the puristic classical one of plain walls,windows simply framed, and orders used according to their original structuralfunction, with free-standing columns. The academic elements employed in Colo-nial times to enrich and organize the wall surface fell into disuse: rustication almost 199 AMERICAN DOMESTIC ARCHITECTURE at once, engaged orders by about 1800. Another mode of organization, by shallowsurface arches, taken up meanwhile, continued much later in vogue, but likewiseultimately gave way. Interest in detail was thus concentrated, increasingly fromthe Revolution, on the windows and doorways themselves, in which a greatly in-creased variety of form and grouping compensated for the decrease in enrichmentof surface. Rustication of any sort was highly exceptional after the Revolution. No im-portant instance of a facade grooved or rusticated throughout occurs after the en-. Figure 159. Accepted elevation for the Presidents house. James Hoban, 1792From the original drawing in the possession of the Maryland Historical Society trance front of Mount Vernon, completed during the war. Mclntires early de-signs include one, but it does not seem to have been executed. Even angle quoinswere very rare. They occur before 1800 in the Joseph Nightingale house at Provi-dence, and a few other examples. After the beginning of the new century such ause of them as in the Radcliffe (King) house in Charleston is almost unique. Projecting belts, to mark one or more of the floor lines, were common in brickhouses until 1810, and were imitated in wood, as in the Samuel Cook (Oliver) housein Salem. They now uniformly turned the corners, instead of stopping short ofthem, as had been equally frequent in Colonial days. A subdivision of threestories by a single band above the ground story was often made after
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectarchite, bookyear1922
