. Applied thermodynamics for engineers. lleda barometric condenser. The vacuumwill lift the inlet water about 20ft., so that, unless the suction headis greater than this, no water sup- Fig. 285. Art. 584.—Horizontal Independent Jetply pump is required after the Condenser, condenser is started. Either the jet or the siphon (or barometric) condenser requires a larger air pumpthan a surface condenser. Experience has shown that there will be present 1 of free air (Art. 187) per 10 to 50 cu. ft. of water entering the air pump of a surfacecondenser or per 30 to 150 cu. ft. of water entering a
. Applied thermodynamics for engineers. lleda barometric condenser. The vacuumwill lift the inlet water about 20ft., so that, unless the suction headis greater than this, no water sup- Fig. 285. Art. 584.—Horizontal Independent Jetply pump is required after the Condenser, condenser is started. Either the jet or the siphon (or barometric) condenser requires a larger air pumpthan a surface condenser. Experience has shown that there will be present 1 of free air (Art. 187) per 10 to 50 cu. ft. of water entering the air pump of a surfacecondenser or per 30 to 150 cu. ft. of water entering a jet or barometric surface condenser air pump handles the condensed steam only; the othercondensers add the circulating water (which may be 20 to 40 times this) to the volume of air at the low absolute pressure prevailing in the condenser is large,and the necessity for reducing the partial pressure due to air has led to the employ-ment of pumps still larger than the influence of air voluma alone would CONDENSERS 433 (For a discussion of air pump design and the importance of clearance in connectionwith high vacuums, see CarduUo, Practical Thermodynamics, 1911, p. 210.) 685. Evaporative Condensers; Cooling Towers. Steam has occasionally beencondensed by allowing it to pass through coils over which fine streams, of water trickled. The evaporation of thewater (which may be hastened by afan) cools the coils and condenses thesteam, which is drawn off by an airpump. With ordinary condensersand a limited water supply coolingtowers are sometimes used. Thesemay be identical in constructionwith the evaporative condensers,excepting that warm water entersthe coils instead of steam, to becooled and used over again; orthey miay consist of open woodmats over which the water fallsas in the open type of feed-waterheater. Evaporation of a portionof the water in question (whichneed not be a large proportion ofthe whole) and warming of theair then cools the remai
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