. Cooperative economic insect report. Beneficial insects; Insect pests. - 1093 - INSECTS NOT KNOWN TO OCCUR IN THE UNITED STATES GOUT FLY (Chlorops pumilionis (Bjerkander)) Economic Importance: This chloropid fly is one of the most serious pests of winter and spring wheat, barley and rye in Europe. When climatic conditions are favor- able, destructive outbreaks may occur. Activity of the pest is greatly reduced by cold, windy or rainy weather. The symptoms of infestation differ according to the time of year. The second-generation or winter-brood larva stunts the attacked shoot and causes an in
. Cooperative economic insect report. Beneficial insects; Insect pests. - 1093 - INSECTS NOT KNOWN TO OCCUR IN THE UNITED STATES GOUT FLY (Chlorops pumilionis (Bjerkander)) Economic Importance: This chloropid fly is one of the most serious pests of winter and spring wheat, barley and rye in Europe. When climatic conditions are favor- able, destructive outbreaks may occur. Activity of the pest is greatly reduced by cold, windy or rainy weather. The symptoms of infestation differ according to the time of year. The second-generation or winter-brood larva stunts the attacked shoot and causes an increase in the breadth of the leaves which appear unusually green. There appears to be no stem, while the central leaves are spirally curled. The first-generation or summer-brood larva causes a characteristic swelling of the stem of two or three internodes ending in the swollen head imprisoned in its sheathing leaves. It is from this latter symptom that the name gout fly is derived. Infested plants cease growth almost immediately. The reduction in grain yield has been over 50 percent in many instances and sometimes total loss of the crop has resulted from infestations of the Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original United States. Animal and Plant Health Service. Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs; United States. Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine; United States. Plant Pest Control Division. Hyattsville, MD. [etc. ] Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs Animal and Plant Health Service
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