. Railway maintenance engineering, with notes on construction . ^\^ Cut . \^ ,Jllv, / ^^ Fig. 32.—Steam Shovel Lowering Cut. (Hermann.) plo3^ed in loading, the output is large, especially when workingin a bank of sufficient face not to require too frequent account of the long hauls of the cars before they are un-loaded, especially if they are handled over the main track to the * Steam Shovels and Steam Shovel Work. E. A. Hermann, 1894,Engineering News Publishing Co., New York, pp. 20 and 30. GRADING 51 dumping ground, the shovel is often idle a considerable part ofthe time waiting fo
. Railway maintenance engineering, with notes on construction . ^\^ Cut . \^ ,Jllv, / ^^ Fig. 32.—Steam Shovel Lowering Cut. (Hermann.) plo3^ed in loading, the output is large, especially when workingin a bank of sufficient face not to require too frequent account of the long hauls of the cars before they are un-loaded, especially if they are handled over the main track to the * Steam Shovels and Steam Shovel Work. E. A. Hermann, 1894,Engineering News Publishing Co., New York, pp. 20 and 30. GRADING 51 dumping ground, the shovel is often idle a considerable part ofthe time waiting for cars and the full capacity is not reached. In loading the cars a spotting engine is generally used at thepit to keep the cars delivered to the shovel. The spotting enginemakes up the trains of loaded cars ready for the road enginesand in general does the necessary switching at the pit tracks. The cars used may be flat-bottom cars which are unloadedby a plow attached to a steel cable (Fig. 33). This cable is. Fig. 33.—Left Hand Bucyrus Side Plow at Work on the Erie Railroad. connected to an unloading mill consisting of a drum for windingup the cable, or is fastened to the engine, which is disconnectedfrom the train, the brakes set on the cars, and the engine pullsthe plow over the cars. In place of fiat cars, dump cars are nowgenerally used, as shown in Figs. 34 and 105. These maybe operated by air and the unloading of a train can be accom-plished in a much more satisfactory manner than by means ofa plow and cable, although when an unloading mill is employedthe latter method loses many of its disadvantages. The shovel generally employed in railway work is a 70- to 80-ton machine with a 2^-yd. dipper. The dump cars for shorthauls of less than a mile should have a capacity of about 6 yds., 62 RAILWAY MAINTENANCE for longer hauls 12 yd. cars may be employed advantageously,and for hauls of considerable length cars of 20 or 30 yds. capacitywill be found economical. Flat cars ar
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