. Australian Garden and Field. August, 1913 ® XKe Fs^rm & Explosives in Agriculture. — Subsoiling. — By H. C. Cog'gins, in May issue of Agricultural Gazette of The recent dry spell has broug^lit home; in a forcible manner the great necessity for conservation of moisture in the subsoil, especially in districts where the top soil is very shallow, and the subsoil a stiff and practically inipervious clay. Orchardists and market garden- ers—in fact, most farmers—do; not as a general rule vary the depth of their ploughing enough. Some don't go deep enough for fear of bringing too much sub
. Australian Garden and Field. August, 1913 ® XKe Fs^rm & Explosives in Agriculture. — Subsoiling. — By H. C. Cog'gins, in May issue of Agricultural Gazette of The recent dry spell has broug^lit home; in a forcible manner the great necessity for conservation of moisture in the subsoil, especially in districts where the top soil is very shallow, and the subsoil a stiff and practically inipervious clay. Orchardists and market garden- ers—in fact, most farmers—do; not as a general rule vary the depth of their ploughing enough. Some don't go deep enough for fear of bringing too much subsoil to the surface ; others don't believe in deep ploug'hing. But when we talkj about deep ploi'-ighiiig we must consider the depth of the soil, for while in one case it may be a great ' advantage, in another it mav mean bringing the subsoil to the surface, which is mostjundesir- able. The great thing to avoid is continually ploughing at the same depth ; this is where all the harm lies. — Hard Pan. — It stands to reason that ' con- stantly ploughing at the one depth creates a " hard-pan," and this hard pan acts as a water trap. Instead of the water percolating. IMPLEMENT MAKEB. (Late of MOBGAN). YOUNG STREET (Old M«thodiBt Hall) bet-wean FRANKLIN it WAYMOUTH STS DENNIS' PATENT STEEL BUCKSCRAPEB AND SILT SCOOPS, GATES, ETC. Writ* (or Illuitratcd Catalogua aad lluough live subsoil, aud liuis dis- solving the ])laiit food stored to a depth, the moisture is practically confined to the top soil, and it is on this that fruit trees, root and all other crops are in a very large degree forted to subsist. — Depth of vSoil. — When we speak of the depth of S'oils, we arc prone to consider only the character and plantkiood available for crops in the top soil, but we most certainl\- should give a considerable amount of study to the subsoil also, foi; there should be the chief sources of plant food, and there also should be the home of the roots 'of
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