Elementary text-book of zoology (1884) Elementary text-book of zoology elementarytextbo0101clau Year: 1884 HYMENOPTERA. 593 In connection with the great power of flight, .the longitudinal tracheal trunks give rise to vesicular dilatations, of which two at the base of the abdomen are conspicuous by their size. The female sexual organs usually possess very numerous (up to one hundred) many-chambered egg tubes, and a large receptaculuni serninis with accessory glands. A special bursa copulatrix is absent (fig. 488). When a sting is developed, filiform or branched poison glands with a common rese
Elementary text-book of zoology (1884) Elementary text-book of zoology elementarytextbo0101clau Year: 1884 HYMENOPTERA. 593 In connection with the great power of flight, .the longitudinal tracheal trunks give rise to vesicular dilatations, of which two at the base of the abdomen are conspicuous by their size. The female sexual organs usually possess very numerous (up to one hundred) many-chambered egg tubes, and a large receptaculuni serninis with accessory glands. A special bursa copulatrix is absent (fig. 488). When a sting is developed, filiform or branched poison glands with a common reservoir and a duct opening into the sheath of the sting, are present. In the male sex the ducts of the two testes are connected with two accessory glands, while the common ductus ejaculatorius ends with a large protrusible penis. With the exception of the leaf-wasps (Tenthredinidce), and wood- wasps (Uroceridce), the larvae are apodal and live either parasitically in the body of insects (the Pteromalince pass through various larval stages, undergo- ing a kind of hyper metamor- phosis) or in plants, or in brood spaces (cells) formed of animal and vege- table substances. The former, like the caterpillars FIG. 488.—The viscera in the abdomen of the queen bee (alter of ,the butterflies, R. Leuckart). D, alimentary canal; R, rectum with rectal glands and anus; Gk, chain of ganglia; Ov, ovary; Sc, receptaculum seminis ; Gb, reservoir of poison gland; St, sting. possess, the six besides thoracic legs, six to eight pairs of abdominal legs, and live free on leaves ; the latter are grub-like, find the nutritive material in their cells, and are in part fed during their growth. Almost all—, the larva? of bees and wasps—possess a small retractile head with short mandibles and pointed pieces (maxillpe and labiiim). The anus is not developed, for the stomach is blind and does not communicate with the hindgut, which receives the Malpighian tubules. Most of the larvse, when they ente
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