. A text-book of elementary botany. Botany. CHAPTER VIII. THE FRUIT. 1. The first great purpose of the plant is to attain its own development as an individual organism. The second, equally important, is the production of seeds, or reproduction of its kind. The seeds with the ovary which surrounds them, and any additional adnate parts that may be present, con- stitute the Fruit. The ripened ovary with the enclosed seeds form the fruit in a very large number of our com- mon plants, as the Buttercups, Bean, Larkspur, Tulip, Wheat, etc. In the apple and similar fruits the calyx-tube which adheres
. A text-book of elementary botany. Botany. CHAPTER VIII. THE FRUIT. 1. The first great purpose of the plant is to attain its own development as an individual organism. The second, equally important, is the production of seeds, or reproduction of its kind. The seeds with the ovary which surrounds them, and any additional adnate parts that may be present, con- stitute the Fruit. The ripened ovary with the enclosed seeds form the fruit in a very large number of our com- mon plants, as the Buttercups, Bean, Larkspur, Tulip, Wheat, etc. In the apple and similar fruits the calyx-tube which adheres to the ovary becomes ver}'- much enlarged and juicy. The fruit in this case consists of the ripened ovary and adnate calyx. The strawberry consists mainly of the enlarged and juicy end of the stem—which is called the torus. In case of the Rose, the fruit— called the hip—is a hollow torus containing the ovaries, being al- most closed at the top. The fig is a similar fruit, but within the torus were many flowers instead of a single one (Fig. 86) as in the Rose. The pineapple, mulberry, pine-cone, etc. also result from the union of several flowers. Such are designated as multiple ftnits. A search for fruits of the native plants will result in a collection of rep- resentatives of all the kinds mentioned in this chapter. These should he carefully studied in the class-room and properly arranged. Figures of the various kinds of appendages designed for assistance in the dispersion of 57. Fig. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Kellerman, William Ashbrook, 1850-1908. Philadelphia, Eldredge & Brother
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