. Greek athletic sports and festivals . -race, by a blast of ^ Mr. R. E. Macnaghten, in a very suggestive paper in the Classical Review,xxi. p. 13, attributes to the Athenians the degradation in meaning of all wordsdenoting toil, among which he cites ddXios. ^ Bacchylides, ix. ^ Kranse, Gyrn. p. 362. ^ Pomtow, Poetae Lyrici Graeci Minores, ii. p. 154 /3aXj3(5t ttoScDj^ deuresToda Tap iroSa. Julian, 318. ^ Aristophanes, Eq. 1161. T 274 GREEK ATHLETIC SPORTS AND FESTIVALS CHAP. the trumpet.^ Then, as to-day, runners would try to get agood start, and poach a yard or two. But Greek methods ofdisci
. Greek athletic sports and festivals . -race, by a blast of ^ Mr. R. E. Macnaghten, in a very suggestive paper in the Classical Review,xxi. p. 13, attributes to the Athenians the degradation in meaning of all wordsdenoting toil, among which he cites ddXios. ^ Bacchylides, ix. ^ Kranse, Gyrn. p. 362. ^ Pomtow, Poetae Lyrici Graeci Minores, ii. p. 154 /3aXj3(5t ttoScDj^ deuresToda Tap iroSa. Julian, 318. ^ Aristophanes, Eq. 1161. T 274 GREEK ATHLETIC SPORTS AND FESTIVALS CHAP. the trumpet.^ Then, as to-day, runners would try to get agood start, and poach a yard or two. But Greek methods ofdiscipline were more drastic than our own. Those who starttoo soon are beaten, says Adeimantus to Themistocles in thehistoric council before Salamis.^ But what was the use of the double line 1 Here again theparallel grooves can have been no innovation introduced withthe stone sills ; they must surely represent the practice of anearlier time. Two lines were cut in stone, because two lineshad been marked in the sand previously. They certainly. Fig. 47.— Aiiii)hoia. Louvre. cannot have been intended to give a firm foothold for therunners feet, nor is there a particle of evidence for the naturaland attractive suggestion that the Greek started off his handslike the modern sprinter, and that the grooves afforded a gripfor his fingers.^ The lines seem only to have been intended to 1 Sophocles, M. 711. 2 Hdt. viii. 59. ^ The only vase which could pdssibly represent this position is a skyphosreproduced in p. 283. It represents a hoplitodromos leaningforward, his right hand resting on the gronnd. But it will be remarked that hisfeet are in the usual position, level with the pillar where the starting lines shouldbe. Opposite stands an official in the attitude shown in Fig. 47, and I am nowinclined to think that the runner in practising a start has overbalanced himself,and tliat the oflicial is telling him to get back to his mark. xiir THE FOOT-RACE—THE START
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