A text-book on chemistryFor the use of schools and colleges . rties? 278 CHLORINE. phosphuret; phosphoric acid and water arise. Its spe-cific gravity is Phosphorus forms also compounds with nitrogen,chlorine, bromine, iodine, and sulphur. Chlorine. Cl=? Chlorine was discovered by Scheele in 1774, and wasoriginally called oxymuriatic acid. It derives its namefrom its greenish color. It is not found free in nature,but exists in abundance in common salt, the chloride ofsodium, a material which gives salinity to the ocean. Chlorine may be obtained by the action of sulphuricacid on comm
A text-book on chemistryFor the use of schools and colleges . rties? 278 CHLORINE. phosphuret; phosphoric acid and water arise. Its spe-cific gravity is Phosphorus forms also compounds with nitrogen,chlorine, bromine, iodine, and sulphur. Chlorine. Cl=? Chlorine was discovered by Scheele in 1774, and wasoriginally called oxymuriatic acid. It derives its namefrom its greenish color. It is not found free in nature,but exists in abundance in common salt, the chloride ofsodium, a material which gives salinity to the ocean. Chlorine may be obtained by the action of sulphuricacid on common salt and black oxide of manganese,or better by heating a mixture of hydrochloric acid andblack oxide of manganese. The action in the latter caseis as follows: Mn 02+2JBTCl=Mn Cl+ 2HO+ 01One atom of peroxide of manganese and two of hydro-chloric acid give one atom of chloride of manganese,two of water, and one of chlorine. Half the chlorine isgiven off as gas, and half remains in combination. The apparatus for its production is seen in Fig* 253, Fin. where a is the retort, with the generating materials,connected with a small receiver, 5, to retain part of thewater which the gas may bring over; this, again, isconnected with a chloride of calcium tube, e, which ef- When was chlorine discovered? In what substances does it oc-cur ? How may it be formed? Describe the apparatus for its pro-duction. PROPERTIES OF CHLORINE. 2*79 fects the perfect drying of the gas. As chlorine is verysoluble in cold water and acts on mercury, it can nei-ther be collected at the pneumatic nor mercurial may, however, be gathered over warm water, or asaturated solution of common salt, or by displacement. Chlorine is a greenish-yellow gas that may be lique-fied by a pressure of four atmospheres, or by cooling to•—106° ; it has not been solidified. It forms with watera crystalline hydrate, having the composition Cl+ inclosing these crystals in a bent tube and heatingthem, the
Size: 1875px × 1333px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookde, booksubjectchemistry, booksubjectphysics
