. Bulletin. Science. ft»d*&». i «er^«i«Bfi>to«iarsw»«iJi8irl»fajc«wfi3«k>alto xâ^i i,*, ^.v"^' h>^ ^i^, >^ j^-m' c_<i-^J' ^ iocw M« s mwrficM nttntiimas:* rc«MMtiiR« BOO fa/ â i4tptool%M«a«tei«t76t«[<ofi(ii(ft)tmi1Nnlii« n^^^^O^ Figure 12.âGolden bridge to stabilize shaky teeth. Top, from original Arabic manuscript (Tiib. MS. 91), courtesy Universitatsbibliothek Tubingen. Left, from Argellata 1531, courtesy National Library of Medicine. Right, from Channing, Albucasis. In like manner, al-Zahrawi discusses cautery of the stomach and the "cold l
. Bulletin. Science. ft»d*&». i «er^«i«Bfi>to«iarsw»«iJi8irl»fajc«wfi3«k>alto xâ^i i,*, ^.v"^' h>^ ^i^, >^ j^-m' c_<i-^J' ^ iocw M« s mwrficM nttntiimas:* rc«MMtiiR« BOO fa/ â i4tptool%M«a«tei«t76t«[<ofi(ii(ft)tmi1Nnlii« n^^^^O^ Figure 12.âGolden bridge to stabilize shaky teeth. Top, from original Arabic manuscript (Tiib. MS. 91), courtesy Universitatsbibliothek Tubingen. Left, from Argellata 1531, courtesy National Library of Medicine. Right, from Channing, Albucasis. In like manner, al-Zahrawi discusses cautery of the stomach and the "cold liver" in chapters 26 and 27, respectively. The drawings therein represent shapes of the burns on the skin (fig. 4) and marks of ink to be drawn beneath the cartilage of the ribs (fig. 5) for the purpose of spotting the area of operation. Here also he describes carefully and clearly the methods of applying cautery and the types, position, and number of tools employed in each case. He likewise depicts (in chapter 45) instruments used in the treatment of hernia (fig. 6). The second section (bab), with about 99 chapters,'" deals with incision, puncturing, venesection, cupping, surgery on abscesses, and the withdrawal of arrows from the body. Al-Zahrawi warns that ignorance in such operations may lead to damage of an artery or vein, causing loss of blood "by which life is sus- ; -^ Moreover, needle and thread (more than one kind is mentionedj for the stitching of wounds are repeatedly recommended. According to al-ZahrawI, foreign bodies that lodge in the ear (chapter 6) are of four origins: (1) "min- eral stones" or substances resembling mineral stones such as iron and glass; (2) plant seeds (chick-peas and 2" The contents of several manuscripts (such as Ali 2854. Wien 476 A, Bes. 503, and Tiib. MS. 91) give diflferent numbers, 21 See, for example, Tiib. MS. 91, fol. 45v; and Bes. 502, fol. 530v. bean
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