Essentials of United States history . Caro-lina and Rhode Island had adopted it. The former stateratified it in November, 1789, and the latter in May, this Constitution, Washington was unanimously elected Upon the carved back of the chair in which Washington sat, as presi-dent of the convention, was a representation of the sun on the horizon,with its diverging rays shooting upward. When the convention hadfinished its laI)ors and the members were standing around, one afteranother affixing his signature to the document, Benjamin Franklin, rub-bing his spectacles with his handkerchief,
Essentials of United States history . Caro-lina and Rhode Island had adopted it. The former stateratified it in November, 1789, and the latter in May, this Constitution, Washington was unanimously elected Upon the carved back of the chair in which Washington sat, as presi-dent of the convention, was a representation of the sun on the horizon,with its diverging rays shooting upward. When the convention hadfinished its laI)ors and the members were standing around, one afteranother affixing his signature to the document, Benjamin Franklin, rub-bing his spectacles with his handkerchief, remarked to several membersstanding by: Painters have found it difficult to distinguish in their arta rising from a setting sun. I have often and often in the course of thesession, and the vicissitudes of my hopes and my fears as to its issue,looked at that behind the president without being able to tell whether itwas rising or setting; but now at length I have the happiness to knowthat the sun of America is rising and not Chair and Table used by WashingtonAS President of the Federal Con-vention. THE FEDERAL CONVENTION 169 the first President and John Adams the first new government went into effect in New York in thespring of 1789. SUMMARY The Articles of Confederation, which had been framed forthe government of the new states soon after the colonists haddeclared themselves independent, proved to be defective inmany ways. A convention was called by the Congress to revisethem. Instead of revising the Articles, an entirely new consti-tution for controlling the affairs of the nation was drawn upand was adopted by the states. Under it the new governmentwent into effect, with George Washington as President. SECTION III. —THE NATION CHAPTER XIV THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 194. The Preamble. — The Constitution begins with whathas usually been called the Preamble. This gives the rea-sons for its adoption, and its aims and purposes. It is asfo
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