. Preventive medicine and hygiene. al months, but have recurrences from time to carriers probably spread the disease. Treatment.—Treatment consists mainly of rest and attention to thebowels. Acetjd-salicylic acid is the most effective analgesic drug. Quiningiven by mouth seems to have no obvious effect. Local applications,both hot and cold, are useful for the painful shins. The cases shouldbe isolated and sanitary cleanliness observed. TRENCH FOOT Trench foot was first described by Larrey,^ the distinguished mili-tary surgeon of Napoleons campaigns, and noted later in the Crimeanand
. Preventive medicine and hygiene. al months, but have recurrences from time to carriers probably spread the disease. Treatment.—Treatment consists mainly of rest and attention to thebowels. Acetjd-salicylic acid is the most effective analgesic drug. Quiningiven by mouth seems to have no obvious effect. Local applications,both hot and cold, are useful for the painful shins. The cases shouldbe isolated and sanitary cleanliness observed. TRENCH FOOT Trench foot was first described by Larrey,^ the distinguished mili-tary surgeon of Napoleons campaigns, and noted later in the Crimeanand Balkan Wars. Many thousands of cases of trench foot were animportant factor, causing incapacity for service in the British troopsin Flanders during last winters campaign. Trench foot is alsocalled Flanders foot, water bite, cold bite, frost-bite, and by the Frenchfroidure. Frost-bite is an unfortunate synonym, because the diseasebears little relation to the condition seen in the extremities as a resultof exposure to severe POINT AT WHICH PRESSUREIS EXERTED BY THEFIRE-STEP. Fig. 187.—One Factor Predisposing to Trench Foot. (British Medical Journal, May 20, 1916.) Trench foot occurs practically onl}^ in those soldiers who remain along period in the trenches, and especially among those who stand inac-tive for many hours in water, thin mud, or slush, particularly if temperatures are by no means necessary to produce trench - has succinctly expressed it as follows: Cold bite -|- muscle iLarrey: Memoires de chirurgie militaire, Paris, 1912, III, p. Osier, W.: Trench Foot, The Lancet, Dec. 18, 1915, p. 1368. 1250 MILITARY HYGIENE inertia = trench foot. Venous stasis, the anatomical basis of trenchfoot, is not simply an effect of cold or of wet, or of both, unless com-bined with muscular inactivity. Trench foot is characterized by a loss of sensation in the feet, to-gether with erythema, leading to gangrene. At first the soldier feelsas if he is
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