. Gynecological pathology; a manual of microscopic technique and diagnosis in gynecological practice, for students and physicians. while at the abdominal end its circumference is twice as great. Theaverage length of the tube is ten to twelve centimetres, but variationsoccur. The isthmus of the tube, as the part from the uterine border up tothe point of turning is called, is distinguished from the so-called am-pulla only by the slighter development of the individual layers. Thestructure of the wall is the same in both parts. From without inward we 112 FALLOPIAN TUBES. distinguish a serous cover
. Gynecological pathology; a manual of microscopic technique and diagnosis in gynecological practice, for students and physicians. while at the abdominal end its circumference is twice as great. Theaverage length of the tube is ten to twelve centimetres, but variationsoccur. The isthmus of the tube, as the part from the uterine border up tothe point of turning is called, is distinguished from the so-called am-pulla only by the slighter development of the individual layers. Thestructure of the wall is the same in both parts. From without inward we 112 FALLOPIAN TUBES. distinguish a serous covering; a layer made up of loose connective tissuein which the large vessels run, and generally called subserosa; themuscularis and the mucous membrane. It should be mentioned that theconnective tissue of the ampulla is richer in cells. The folds here arelarger than in other parts of the tube. The serous covering is as firmly united to the underlying layer asis the case in the body of the uterus, and for that reason it can bepeeled off with difficulty. Upon this covering is a densely branching netof lymph vessels (Poirier). ^ Figure 39.—Isthjius of the Tube (near the ampulla).a, muscle ; 6, folds ; c, tubal canal. The muscle consists of an external longitudinal and an internalcircular layer. The latter sends extensions to the mucous membrane, tothe four principal folds which extend along the entire length of thetube. No muscle fibres extend to the finer divisions of these folds. Themuscular development is relatively weaker at the abdominal than atthe uterine end. The increase in thickness of the abdominal end iscaused only by the numerous ramifications of the mucous membranefolds. Between the muscle bundles are found everywhere bundles ofloose connective tissue in which the muscles and nerves extend to themucous membrane. FALLOPIAN TUBES. 113 The mucous membrane is situated directly upon the muscle, so that, asin the uterus, no submucosa exists. The cells which lie in the muc
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