. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 956 TERATOLOGY. a hernia. The parietal bones are sometimes present, together with flat frontal bones, and a perpendicular occipital bone, so that the summit of the skull is quite closed, with the exception of a small opening. Fig. 609. shows how the malformed cerebral substance is applied to the medulla spinalis. All the cerebral nerves are present. This form of monstrosity has in general a less brute-like aspect; the trunk is more evolved, and the whole body in general very heavy. Fourth Type.—The skull flat, more evolv
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 956 TERATOLOGY. a hernia. The parietal bones are sometimes present, together with flat frontal bones, and a perpendicular occipital bone, so that the summit of the skull is quite closed, with the exception of a small opening. Fig. 609. shows how the malformed cerebral substance is applied to the medulla spinalis. All the cerebral nerves are present. This form of monstrosity has in general a less brute-like aspect; the trunk is more evolved, and the whole body in general very heavy. Fourth Type.—The skull flat, more evolved, but having an opening, through which the brain protrudes as a hernia.—This is what we call a cerebral hernia (hernia ccrebri, encephalocele), viz. a tumour covered with the external integu- ments arising from some part of the surface of the skull, and containing a part of the brain. It has commonly the form of a bag, appended to the posterior part of the skull, and resting on the neck. The head is never turned with the face upwards ; the ears do not rest on the shoulders ; the neck is not wanting. The summit of the skull is flat and closed, and its cavity is too small to include the brain, which for" this reason is placed on its outside, and backwards. The occipital bone has the form of a vertebral arc, which surrounds the brain, lying at the outside. Fig. 610. shows the external appearance of Fig. this monstrosity, fg. 611. the structure of the skull. Fig. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Todd, Robert Bentley, 1809-1860. London, Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper
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