. The Roentgen rays in medicine and surgery as an aid in diagnosis and as a therapeutic agent; designed for the use of practitioners and students . dows of the points of reference arefirst drawn in with a lithographers pencil, and afterward the appear-ances the physician desires to record. The celluloid or glass may bewashed with alcohol and used again after the lines drawn on it havebeen traced on paper. With Removal of Clothing ; Tracings made upon the Skin. — Thepencil used for drawing in the outlines seen should make a good markon the skin with the slightest touch, and it should be placed
. The Roentgen rays in medicine and surgery as an aid in diagnosis and as a therapeutic agent; designed for the use of practitioners and students . dows of the points of reference arefirst drawn in with a lithographers pencil, and afterward the appear-ances the physician desires to record. The celluloid or glass may bewashed with alcohol and used again after the lines drawn on it havebeen traced on paper. With Removal of Clothing ; Tracings made upon the Skin. — Thepencil used for drawing in the outlines seen should make a good markon the skin with the slightest touch, and it should be placed in a metalholder or be provided with a narrow strip of lead along its length,because this metal casts a shadow, and therefore the physician is ableto follow its point as he traces the appearances observed. I have hadsome special pencils made, but the crayons, in brass tubes, which actors y8 THE ROENTGEN RAYS IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY | use for pencilling the eyebrows answer the purpose very well. No j metal is necessary for obtaining the points of reference as is required j in the method just described. A mark is made on the skin, with the j. Fig. 6o. Shows method of examining a patient with the screen with celluloid cover, on whichthe outlines of the heart and diaphragm have been traced. The diaphragm under the stretcher ispulled a little out of place so that it may be better seen : it should, of course, be directly under theoutlines, as they are being drawn on the screen, when an examination is made. METHODS OF EXAMINATION 79 radiographic pencil described, over the sternal notch, and another overthe ensiform cartilage, in order to indicate the median line, which hasbeen obtained by drawing a line from the umbilicus to the sternal screen is then held sufficiently above the surface of the body toallow the hand to move freely while tracing upon the skin the appear-ances observed on the screen (see Fig. 61). It is well to go overall the lines traced a second time (after
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