. On the anomalies of accommodation and refraction of the eye, witha preliminary essay on physiological dioptrics. tes. As to the connexion be-tween these two phenomena, I do not venture to give an opinion. 2. The ciliary muscle. That the organ formerly known under the name of ciliary liga-ment is of a muscular nature, has been proved, independently of oneanother, by my esteemed friends Bowman and Bruecke. Tiie fibresarise in great part from the outer layers (:j) of vitreous fibres, in whichthe membrana Descemetii (D) subdivides, while the innermost layers ofthese fibres spread as ligamentum p
. On the anomalies of accommodation and refraction of the eye, witha preliminary essay on physiological dioptrics. tes. As to the connexion be-tween these two phenomena, I do not venture to give an opinion. 2. The ciliary muscle. That the organ formerly known under the name of ciliary liga-ment is of a muscular nature, has been proved, independently of oneanother, by my esteemed friends Bowman and Bruecke. Tiie fibresarise in great part from the outer layers (:j) of vitreous fibres, in whichthe membrana Descemetii (D) subdivides, while the innermost layers ofthese fibres spread as ligamentum pectinatum on the iris. The muscularfibres form fasciculi, of which the most external, connected in longextended networks, run backwards parallel to the upper surface ofthe sclerotic (S) and pass into the several laminae of the choroid (C).Internally(6) the meshes of the nets become gradually shorter, and* Compare Kuyper, I. c. p. 19. 24 MECHANISM OF ACCOMMODATION. finally, mostly spread out in a circular direction, so that the fasciculihere acquire rather a circular than an antero-posterior direction. Fig. This innermost portion of the ciliary muscle is connected with thechoroidal tissue in the place where the corpus ciliare (P) passes fromwithout inwards. If we cut out a piece of the conjoined membranes,and with a pincers seize the whole breadth of the portion of the iris THE CILIARY MUSCLE. 25 near its insertion and tear it off, the innermost part(fi) of the ciliarymuscle remains attached to the outer surface of the ciliary process,while the most external portion (5) continues lying on the scleroticand connected with the extreme outer layers of the choroid, whichare not torn off. We can thus divide the muscle into two parts, asis described in von Reekens dissertation.* The networks of thefasciculi of the innermost portion possess, as is there also represented,a more circular direction. H. Mullert has subsequently describedthese as a separate muscle. He has the merit of ha
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