The encyclopædia britannica; a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information . acters, such as themandibular protuberance from which one of the common Englishspiders, Phalangium cornutum, takes its scientific name. Themale is also furnished with a long and protrusible penis, and thefemale with an equally long and protrusible ovipositor. Thesexes pair in the autumn, and the female, by means of herovipositor, lays her eggs in some cleft or hole in the soil andleaves them to their fate. After breeding, the parents die withthe autumn cold; but the eggs retain their vitality thro
The encyclopædia britannica; a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information . acters, such as themandibular protuberance from which one of the common Englishspiders, Phalangium cornutum, takes its scientific name. Themale is also furnished with a long and protrusible penis, and thefemale with an equally long and protrusible ovipositor. Thesexes pair in the autumn, and the female, by means of herovipositor, lays her eggs in some cleft or hole in the soil andleaves them to their fate. After breeding, the parents die withthe autumn cold; but the eggs retain their vitality through thewinter and hatch \\ilh the warmth of spring and early summer,the young gradually attaining maturity as the latter season progresses. Hence the prevalence of adult individuals in the latesummer and autumn, and at no other time of the year. Theyare provided with a pair of glands, situated one on each side ofthe carapace, which secrete an evil-smelling fluid believed to beprotective in nature. Harvest-men are very widely distributedand are especially abundant in temperate countries of the. Fig. I.^Harvest-man {Phalangium cornutum, Linn.); profile ofmale, with legs and palpi truncated. a, Ocular tubercle. d, Sheath of penis protruded. b, Mandible e. Penis. c, Labrum (upper lip). /, The glans. northern hemisphere. They are also, however, common in India,where they are well known for their habit of adhering togetherin great masses, comparable to a swarm of bees, and of swayinggently backwards and forwards. The long legs of harvest-menserve them not only as organs of rapid locomotion, but also asprops to raise the body well off the ground, thus enabling theanimals to stalk unmolestedfrom .the midst of an army of raidingants. ? (R. L P.) HARVEY, GABRIEL (c. 1545-1630), English writer, eldest sonof a ropemaker of Saffron-Walden, Essex, was born about matriculated at Christs College, Cambridge, in 1566, and in1570 was elected fellow of Pembroke Hall. Here he formed alasti
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