. Steel rails; their history, properties, strength and manufacture, with notes on the principles of rolling stock and track design . entirely deprivedof carbon, remains a perfectly fluid wrought iron in the converting 250 shows earlier experiments of blowing air through the process was invented independently by Henry Bessemer, in GreatBritain, and by William Kelly, in the United States. * Iron and Steel, Materials of Engineering, Thurston, New York, Part 2, 1909, p. 241. t Sketch of the Origin of the Bessemer Process, by Sir Henry Bessemer. Trans. AmericanSociety of Mecha
. Steel rails; their history, properties, strength and manufacture, with notes on the principles of rolling stock and track design . entirely deprivedof carbon, remains a perfectly fluid wrought iron in the converting 250 shows earlier experiments of blowing air through the process was invented independently by Henry Bessemer, in GreatBritain, and by William Kelly, in the United States. * Iron and Steel, Materials of Engineering, Thurston, New York, Part 2, 1909, p. 241. t Sketch of the Origin of the Bessemer Process, by Sir Henry Bessemer. Trans. AmericanSociety of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. XVIII, 1897, p. 455. INFLUENCE OF DETAIL OF MANUFACTURE. 367 * It is even claimed for America that it was the birthplace of the pneu-matic process of steel making, Kelly having begun a series of experiments basedupon this theory as early as 1851. As Kelly, soon after Beessmers patentwas taken out, succeeded in showing that he had previously had similar views,Bessemers patent rights in the United States became limited to certain me-chanical arrangements, and a lawsuit arose between the company which bought. Fig. 250. — Early Experiments of Blowing Air through Bath. (Am. Soc. M. E.) Bessemers patent rights for that country and that which took over both Kellysright and Munshets patent for taking away the red-shortness of the finalproduct by the addition of spiegeleisen. This lawsuit, together with the CivilWar, prevented the development of the Bessemer process in the United Statesup to the year 1866, when an agreement was at last entered into between thetwo companies. Both these companies had, indeed, before this time con-structed their experimental works; but it was only after the compromise wasconcluded between the two companies that there could be any steps taken forerecting Bessemer works on a larger scale. * Steel: Its History, Manufacture, Properties, and Uses, J. S. Jeans, London, 1880, p. 144. 368 STEEL RAILS
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