. Collected reprints / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories [and] Pacific Oceanographic Laboratories. Oceanography 550 nm 650nm r â bp/bw = 128 o (0 °y = X o - \ bp/bw = 32 o in \ °y = .001 X -\ 0 .05 .10 .15 .20 .25 .30 FRACTION OF WHITE CAPS (f) JL X J 0 .05 .10 .15 .20 .25 .30 FRACTION OF WHITE CAPS (f) Figure (left): Upwelling irradiance in the ERTS MSS-4 (550 nm) and MSS-5 (650 nm) intervals as a function of sea state for the two water types used in figure Solid and dashed lines are as in other figure
. Collected reprints / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories [and] Pacific Oceanographic Laboratories. Oceanography 550 nm 650nm r â bp/bw = 128 o (0 °y = X o - \ bp/bw = 32 o in \ °y = .001 X -\ 0 .05 .10 .15 .20 .25 .30 FRACTION OF WHITE CAPS (f) JL X J 0 .05 .10 .15 .20 .25 .30 FRACTION OF WHITE CAPS (f) Figure (left): Upwelling irradiance in the ERTS MSS-4 (550 nm) and MSS-5 (650 nm) intervals as a function of sea state for the two water types used in figure Solid and dashed lines are as in other figures. Figure (right): Irradiance ratio as a function of fraction of surface reflectors. The ratio is seen to be a function of both water type and sea state. Spectroradiometer Observations Optical properties of the ocean, as they relate to the upwelling spectrum, must be understood at the sea surface before ERTS data can be in- terpreted. Upwelling irradiance from 3 m above the surface given in figure was observed using the same h-va. Ebert spectroradiometer usee for the reflectance spectra in figure These observations were made during the time frame of figure and represent the water types shown in that ERTS image. All spectra were carefully selected to represent approximately the same downwelling irradiance, sea state, sun angle, cloud cover, and absence of bottom influence. Specular reflection caused by waves was minimized by preselecting 10 spectra with similar shapes that did not contain anomalous random peaks. After digitizing the records, averages and standard deviations (o) were computed at 7-nm wavelength intervals; if values exceeded the average by la, they were rejected and a new mean computed. Absolute values of the spectra are traced to NBS through the 2-m integrating sphere at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center; reported values have ±3% error band (L. Blaine, personal communication). The data in figure can be used to interpret ocean co
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