Outlines of entomology . eor less within the body, so that onlyfrom five to seven joints can be clear-ly distinguished. It is in this part ofthe body that the form of the typi-cal ring can be traced with greateraccuracy than in any other region, asLegs, original and adapted; A, leg of preda- ^^^ gegmcnts are not apparently con- ceOTis beetle; a, coxa; b, trochanter; c, femur; ^ d, tibia; e, tarsus; /. tarsal claws; g, tibial golidatcd aS ill the thorax, but are spur; B, leg of bee, clothed witti hair for col- -x i i .„iu ^i„^ lecti^^ pollen; C, f^ont leg of mole cricket, fit- held together qUl
Outlines of entomology . eor less within the body, so that onlyfrom five to seven joints can be clear-ly distinguished. It is in this part ofthe body that the form of the typi-cal ring can be traced with greateraccuracy than in any other region, asLegs, original and adapted; A, leg of preda- ^^^ gegmcnts are not apparently con- ceOTis beetle; a, coxa; b, trochanter; c, femur; ^ d, tibia; e, tarsus; /. tarsal claws; g, tibial golidatcd aS ill the thorax, but are spur; B, leg of bee, clothed witti hair for col- -x i i .„iu ^i„^ lecti^^ pollen; C, f^ont leg of mole cricket, fit- held together qUltC lOOSCly With claS- ted for burrowing In the earth: a, femur; 6, tibia;-j-j^ membrane. c, tarsus; D, leg of watjr beetle adapted to swimming. Along each side of the body is a row of more or less conspicuousorifices. These are the openings through which the insect breathes,and are termed stomata or stigmata or sinracles. They conduct to air-tubes, to which more particular reference will be made in a succeeding 14 OUTLINES OF ENTOMOLOGY. chapter. There are nine or ten, sometimes eleven pairs of them, twoon the thorax and the others on the abdomen. • The only appendages of the abdomen are the organs of reproduc-tion, which, in some species, as the bee and the wasp, are connectedwith those of defense, in the form of stings. They consist, externally,of various sorts of forceps or claspers in the male, and of saws, augers,swords, and more commonly, piercers and stings in the female. All ofthese instruments are very ingenious in their construction and admi-rably adopted to the work for which they are designed. They will bedescribed in detail when the species to which they pertain are underconsideration. CHAPTER V. INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF INSECTS. The internal structure of insects consists of the Muscular, Nervousand Circulatory systems, together with the organs of Respiration, Nutri-tion and Secretion. The examination of these parts is a work of great difficulty, owingto
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectentomology, bookyear1
