. Outlines of the comparative physiology and morphology of animals. Anatomy, Comparative; Physiology, Comparative. PHYSIOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY OF Protista Animals vs. Plants.—The distinctions between ani- mals and plants are apparently so obvious that it may seem useless to draw attention to them, but it is so only to careless view and in compar- ing the higher members of the two kingdoms. As we descend in the scale the two kingdoms approach more and more, until they absolutely come together— in other words, the living king- dom in its lowest members consists of beings which are both a
. Outlines of the comparative physiology and morphology of animals. Anatomy, Comparative; Physiology, Comparative. PHYSIOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY OF Protista Animals vs. Plants.—The distinctions between ani- mals and plants are apparently so obvious that it may seem useless to draw attention to them, but it is so only to careless view and in compar- ing the higher members of the two kingdoms. As we descend in the scale the two kingdoms approach more and more, until they absolutely come together— in other words, the living king- dom in its lowest members consists of beings which are both animals and plants, or else FlV^Sn^LTof neither. They are living things animals and plants from without further qualification. In Protista. J / , , the present state of our knowl- edge they may be claimed by either botany or zoology, and it is proposed to call them Protista, or lowest living beings. From these lowest beginnings the two kingdoms separate more and more as we rise. Where they first separate we call them Protozoa (first or lowest animals) and Protophyta (first or lowest plants). Then follow the more distinctive animals and plants, but the animals rise the higher, as in Fig. i. It is not so easy, then, to define the limits of the animal kingdom. Popularly, perhaps, animals would be defined as beings capable of motion ; but this will not do, for many plants also move under stimulus, as, for exam- ple, the sensitive plant. Or perhaps locomotion is sup- posed to be characteristic of animals; but this also fails, because many of the lower plants and the embryos of some higher ones move about with such rapidity that they can hardly be observed carefully under the microscope. On the other hand, many animals some- what high in the scale, such as oysters, corals, Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the
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