. Electricity : its medical and surgical applications, including radiotherapy and phototherapy . C and D. The elec-trometer E measures any current passing through the circuit. A leadshield, S, cuts off all rays from the tube T except a beam of definitewidth that is allowed to pass through the window F. When this isopen, the beam of rays passes between the electrodes C and D, with theresult that the ionized air between them becomes conductive to thecurrent from the battery, and the amount of the latter allowed to passis measured by the electrometer, the reading of which is the unit ofmeasuremen
. Electricity : its medical and surgical applications, including radiotherapy and phototherapy . C and D. The elec-trometer E measures any current passing through the circuit. A leadshield, S, cuts off all rays from the tube T except a beam of definitewidth that is allowed to pass through the window F. When this isopen, the beam of rays passes between the electrodes C and D, with theresult that the ionized air between them becomes conductive to thecurrent from the battery, and the amount of the latter allowed to passis measured by the electrometer, the reading of which is the unit ofmeasurement of the rate of ionization. 452 NATURE AND PRODUCTION OF X-RAYS 3. Dunham and Allens Method.—This is a somewhat differentmethod, the essential principles of which are diagrammatically shown inFig. 355. A beam of rays of definite width is allowed to pass from thetube T, placed at a standard distance, through the window F of the leadscreen S, and between the two metal electrodes C and D, which areconnected with the poles of a battery 5, of a series of cells delivering a Fig. 354 VM& rmff^ Diagram illustrating the principles of the estimation of the rate of ionization by means of the electrometer. low voltage current. In this circuit are a grounded electrometer E,and two other electrodes X and Y, of which the latter is a metal boxwith its bottom covered by a layer of definite thickness of uraniumoxide. Furthermore, this box has a sliding metal cover L, capable ofshutting off the uranium radiations. When the tube is excited, the beam ULUUA I
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