. The library of American history, literature and biography .. . duties was refused, butthe President sent General Scott to Charleston to enforce the law, and underthe advice of Henry Clay a new and more satisfactory tariff was difficulty and Jacksons determined opposition to the United States Bank, his fight against it, resulting inits destruction, are the events ofthis administration which pro-duced the most marked and last-ing effect upon our national his-tory. After the close of hissecond term he lived in retire-ment at his home, the famousHermitage, near Nashville,until his d
. The library of American history, literature and biography .. . duties was refused, butthe President sent General Scott to Charleston to enforce the law, and underthe advice of Henry Clay a new and more satisfactory tariff was difficulty and Jacksons determined opposition to the United States Bank, his fight against it, resulting inits destruction, are the events ofthis administration which pro-duced the most marked and last-ing effect upon our national his-tory. After the close of hissecond term he lived in retire-ment at his home, the famousHermitage, near Nashville,until his death, eight years Van Buren hadhardly entered upon the dutiesof the presidency when the greatpanic of 1837 occurred. It re-sulted from a variety of causes,among which may be mentionedthe ereat number of worthlessbanks which sprang up after thediscontinuance of the UnitedStates Bank ; the prevalence ofwild speculation, particularly inland, and the action of theGovernment in demanding that. One good effect of this greatTreasury of the United States,. MARTIN VAN BUREN. 1782-1862. One Term, 1837-1841. the banks should repay its deposits in coin,public calamity was the establishment of aindependent of any bank or system of banks. It was during this administration that the Mormons formed their settlementin Nauvoo, Illinois, and in 1840 a regular line of steamships was establishedbetween Liverpool and Boston. Mr. Van Buren was a native of New York, had served his State in variousoffces of trust, including that of Governor, had been its Representative in theUnited States Senate, had been Minister to England, Secretary of State during 222 WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON—JOHN TYLER. most of Jacksons first administration, and Vice-President during his second. Hecontinued, for several years after the close of his terms as President, to takean active part in politics, and in 1848 he was the candidate of the anti-slavery Democrats, or Free Democracy, for President, after which he tookn
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