. The castellated and domestic architecture of Scotland, from the twelfth to the eighteenth century. Fig. Collegiate Church , lookiug West. FEUDALISM IN SCOTLAND 27 INTRODUCTION is the style of the vaulting, which in almost every one of the collegiatechurches is more or less of the waggon form so universal in the most instances the plain barrel vault, usually pointed, is employedand sustains a roof formed of overlapping flagstones, similar to that usedin the castles from an early period. The annexed interior and exteriorviews of Dunglass Church, Haddingtonshii-e (Figs. 1
. The castellated and domestic architecture of Scotland, from the twelfth to the eighteenth century. Fig. Collegiate Church , lookiug West. FEUDALISM IN SCOTLAND 27 INTRODUCTION is the style of the vaulting, which in almost every one of the collegiatechurches is more or less of the waggon form so universal in the most instances the plain barrel vault, usually pointed, is employedand sustains a roof formed of overlapping flagstones, similar to that usedin the castles from an early period. The annexed interior and exteriorviews of Dunglass Church, Haddingtonshii-e (Figs. 1 and 2), will serveto make this clear. In other churches (such as St. Mirrens Aisle,Paisley, Seton Chapel, and parts of St. Giles, Edinburgh) the barrel formis to a certain extent concealed and is ornamented with ribs. Thesefollow the curve of the waggon vault, and are generally not constructive,but purely decorative. In castles also this form of vaulting was adopted,. Fig. 2.—Dunglass Collegiate Church, from North-East. as, for example, in the great hall of Dundonald.* The most remarkableinstance of the peculiar waggon vaulting of the tifteenth century is thatat Rosslyn Chapel, where the barrel form of the vault is acknowledgedand emphasised with suiface ornament,! and is preserved even on theexterior, the outer surface being curved like the interior. This is notcovered, as is usually the case, with flagstones, but forms the exteriorof the roof. That this was the original intention is apparent from thefact that the gable end is curved to correspond with the arched shapeof the roof. Towers finished with corbelled and crenellated parapets like that of* Vol. I. p. 173. t An excellent view of this is given by Billings. INTRODUCTION 28 CASTLES OF HIGHEST PERIOD t;=<^ Dunfermline (Fig. 3), some having also corbelled bartizans at the angles,J;^. such as Dunblane (Fig. 4), buttresses terminated with sun-dials, as at Cor-storphine (Fig. 5), crow-steppe
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