Grape culture in California : its difficulties, phylloxera and resistant vines, other vine diseases ; Improved methods of wine making . grown in the interior are low acidity, insufficient and unstable color, a tendency to oxidation(rancio taste),and a lack of thatindefinable qual-ity known asfreshness. TheZinfandel. espe-cially the secondcrop, when pickedin prime condi-tion, is perhapsthe best of all thevarieties at pres-ent grown in theinterior. It is,however, too sub-ject to drying upand black mold tobe relied upon asa dry wine peculiarflavor of the Zin-fandel, moreover,becomes too


Grape culture in California : its difficulties, phylloxera and resistant vines, other vine diseases ; Improved methods of wine making . grown in the interior are low acidity, insufficient and unstable color, a tendency to oxidation(rancio taste),and a lack of thatindefinable qual-ity known asfreshness. TheZinfandel. espe-cially the secondcrop, when pickedin prime condi-tion, is perhapsthe best of all thevarieties at pres-ent grown in theinterior. It is,however, too sub-ject to drying upand black mold tobe relied upon asa dry wine peculiarflavor of the Zin-fandel, moreover,becomes too in-tense in the hotterregions. Of all the varie-ties which thestation hastestedin the interiorvalleys, thatwhich combines the largest number of good points as a dry wine grape is the variety, originating in Spain, is unsatisfactory in cool Xapa and Sonoma its bearing is insufficient, and the wine is harshand without high quality. These qualities, even there, are modifiedand improved by grafting on resistant stock, especially on Riparia, andin the hotter parts of the interior they disappear Fig. 23. Valdepenas. Five eighths real diameter. Bunchone fourth natural size. Bulletin 197. GRAPE CULTURE JN CALIFORNIA. 167 The Valdepenas at Tulare has produced regularly large crops offine, clean grapes with short pruning. It is not subject to sunburnor black mold, and the grapes will stay on the vines, without injury,as long as those of any variety. The wine made from it has always beensatisfactory, showing color, acidity, and freshness almost equal towines made in the coast counties. If only one variety were to beplanted for dry red wine in the upper San Joaquin Valley, this un-doubtedly would be the best of any that have been tried. What is needed, however, perhaps more than a variety which willmake a good wine itself in this district, is one which by blending canbe used to correct the deficiencies and defects of the varieties alreadygrowing the


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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectwineandwinemaking