Central Europe . es, thusattaining a speed of 51 miles an hour. Even on themuch shorter runs from Berlin to Hamburg, from Berlinto Breslau, and from Vienna to Budapest the highspeeds of , 44-0, and miles are considerablybelow this. On longer distances, comparable with thatbetween the British capitals, the speed per hour of thequickest trains on the German main lines is about 40miles, and in Austria about 38 miles. The trains ofCentral Europe, with these rates, are equal with those ofFrance, and considerably ahead of those of other Con-tinental countries. Isochronic maps showing the di
Central Europe . es, thusattaining a speed of 51 miles an hour. Even on themuch shorter runs from Berlin to Hamburg, from Berlinto Breslau, and from Vienna to Budapest the highspeeds of , 44-0, and miles are considerablybelow this. On longer distances, comparable with thatbetween the British capitals, the speed per hour of thequickest trains on the German main lines is about 40miles, and in Austria about 38 miles. The trains ofCentral Europe, with these rates, are equal with those ofFrance, and considerably ahead of those of other Con-tinental countries. Isochronic maps showing the dis-tances reached in every direction in equal times serve 322 CENTRAL EUROPE very well to bring out for different centres of traffic thespeed of their communications. That of Berlin gives aninstructive example. A casual glance at the network of railway linesmight give the impression that man had now becomecompletely master of the surface of the earth, and thatall parts of it were equally covered by the web of iron. S- O fiowa Fig. 40.—Showing Lines of Equal Time Distance by Express Train fromBerlin. (After Mary Krauske.) threads. But as we make a closer inspection and dis-tinguish more clearly the value of the different lines, wesoon perceive that the old main lines of direction markedout by nature as channels of communication have not losttheir importance. It is evident that so long as man doesnot succeed in making the atmosphere serve as hismedium of travel, so long as human intercourse hasto cling to the surface of the earth, and to remain ex- COMMUNICATIONS 323 posed to its friction, the map of communications willshow geographical features, and will never cast off acertain dependence upon the conformation of the is the more certain because the positions of theprincipal centres are not arbitrary, but mostly determinedby the distribution of mountains over the land, and bythe way in which the surface is divided. Such centresarise at the line of division between t
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