. Human physiology : designed for colleges and the higher classes in schools, and for general reading. llow, if contracted would bring the arytenoid cartilagesnearer together, and so diminish the opening between the vocalmembranes which are fastened to these pillars. The muscle, 6,and its fellow, on the other hand, when they act, so draw uponthe outer edges of the arytenoid cartilages as to separate thesecartilages from each other, and therefore enlarge the openingsbetween the ligaments. There are other muscles not seen inthe figure, that alter the size of the orifice between the vocalligament
. Human physiology : designed for colleges and the higher classes in schools, and for general reading. llow, if contracted would bring the arytenoid cartilagesnearer together, and so diminish the opening between the vocalmembranes which are fastened to these pillars. The muscle, 6,and its fellow, on the other hand, when they act, so draw uponthe outer edges of the arytenoid cartilages as to separate thesecartilages from each other, and therefore enlarge the openingsbetween the ligaments. There are other muscles not seen inthe figure, that alter the size of the orifice between the vocalligaments and their degree of tension, and thus affect the notesof the voice. 370. I have described the true vocal ligaments. But there 252 HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY. Interior view of the larynx and epiglottis. is another pair of ligaments directly above them, the spacebetween which is the real opening into the larynx, upon whichthe epiglottis shuts down when we swallow. You will get agood idea of the arrangement of the two pairs of ligaments fromFig. 140. This is a representation of an inner view of one FIG. INTERIOR OF THE LARYNX. half of the larynx, the division being made directly down, andfrom front to rear. At t is the front of the thyroid cartilagewith its cut edge; at c c, are the two cut edges of the cricoid,showing how narrow is its front part compared with its broadrear portion ; a is the left arytenoid cartilage, c showing theplace where it is united by a joint to the top of the cricoid ; f isthe trachea; r is the true vocal ligament or chord; v is thespace between this and the upper ligament; and e is the epig-lottis which is shut down upon the upper ligaments as a coverby the contraction of the muscle b, just when this is needed. THE VOICE. 253 FIG. 141.
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