. Essentials of laboratory diagnosis; designed for students and practitioners. mixed withseveral volumes of water, and allowed to sediment, the super-natant fluid poured off and about 15 cubic centimeters of thesediment centrifuged for fifteen minutes. The final precipitateis now carefully removed and examined as above. STAIN FOR ELASTIC TISSUE IN THE SPUTUM. Elastic tissue may be demonstrated by the orcein stain ofUnna-Tanzar (see appendix for stain). In using this stain thesuspected material is treated with a few cubic centimeters of thedye on a slide and then warmed for five minutes, after
. Essentials of laboratory diagnosis; designed for students and practitioners. mixed withseveral volumes of water, and allowed to sediment, the super-natant fluid poured off and about 15 cubic centimeters of thesediment centrifuged for fifteen minutes. The final precipitateis now carefully removed and examined as above. STAIN FOR ELASTIC TISSUE IN THE SPUTUM. Elastic tissue may be demonstrated by the orcein stain ofUnna-Tanzar (see appendix for stain). In using this stain thesuspected material is treated with a few cubic centimeters of thedye on a slide and then warmed for five minutes, after which thepreparation is decolorized with acid alcohol. The elastic tissuefibers will be stained a brownish violet by this process. 30 THE SPUTUM. RARER DIAGNOSIS MADE BY EXAMINATIONOF THE SPUTUM. Occasionally evidence of disease adjacent to the respiratorytract may be obtained by an examination of the sputum. Thusfragments of tumors occasionally appear in the specimen, which,if removed and prepared for section and staining, on examina-tion may clear up an obscure -Actinomyces Showing Radial Formation. Pulmonary Actinomycosis.—This is a rather rare diseasecaused by the ray-fungus or actinomyces (see Fig. 7a). Thecharacteristic yellowish or grayish-green granules, if found, areoften sufficient for a diagnosis; their composition should, how-ever, always be confirmed by microscopic search. In some casesthe characteristic microscopic rosettes with clubbed rays arefound: in others only branching threads, staining by Gramsmethod, will be found. These may be confused with atypicalforms of the tubercle bacillus. Echinococcus.—Barely echinococcus booklets enter the pul-monary tract and appear in the sputum. They usually originate PREPARATION OF THE STAINED SPECIMEN. 31 in abscesses of adjacent organs, particularly the liver. (Seesection, Parasites, page L5 I.) Distomum Pulmonale; Syn. Distomum Westermanni.—Thisorganism (for classification see page 102) is a not uncommon
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