. British bee journal & bee-keepers adviser. Bees. Feb. 13, 1919. THE BRITISH BEE JQUKNA] 49 its defects. What I have in mind is an over ground shed (serving more than one pur- pose to the enterprising lapiarian) which is well exposed to the air and the sun. Each hive should have its external alight- ing board, a protecting porch, and an en- trance shade. The minimum of tempera- ture guaranteed is far from being a harm- ful factor; in fact it is quite contrary to this supposition, which has been advanced by some of your correspondents, some of whom give it a scientific colour of physics, a
. British bee journal & bee-keepers adviser. Bees. Feb. 13, 1919. THE BRITISH BEE JQUKNA] 49 its defects. What I have in mind is an over ground shed (serving more than one pur- pose to the enterprising lapiarian) which is well exposed to the air and the sun. Each hive should have its external alight- ing board, a protecting porch, and an en- trance shade. The minimum of tempera- ture guaranteed is far from being a harm- ful factor; in fact it is quite contrary to this supposition, which has been advanced by some of your correspondents, some of whom give it a scientific colour of physics, although their arguments are quite con- trary to the principles of that science. Figs. 2 and 3, by Mr. Walter Keyte, ad- mirably illustrates part of my idiea of a* winter apiary. As remarked before in the Journal,) hives can be directly heated artificially on cess of manufacture) as illustrated in Fig. 4 (D, D, being the side walls, and E, E, the front and back ones) than is afforded by the hive, the most popular hive in England at the present time. The dead air space between the •outer and inner casings of the latter hive is far from being real, and the advice of packing it with leaves ana other materials which are likely to remain damp once they become so, is most unsound. In addition, this comparatively free space serves as the graveyard for many bees that happen to escape in it and cannot make their way out. The floorboard >of a hygienic outdoor winter hive should be double-walled, as mentioned before, and preferably enclosing some good insulating- material, and the legs must be sufficient!v. Fig. 3. Partial Internal View of Winter Apiary, an economical basis, but indirect heating is still more economical, and does not demand special fittings beyond a regulated area for the room. The amount of heat which will continuously be required from this source will be very small, anci whether gas or electricity is used, the cost of heat- ing is not likely to exceed a shi
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