. Horticulture; a text book for high schools and normals, including plant propagation; plant breeding; gardening; orcharding; small fruit growing; forestry; beautifying home grounds; the soils and enemies involved. strongly in his mind. Hybrids.—New forms are often created by crossing ratherdistinct forms. Pollen taken from one variety of apples and crossedon other varieties would produce seeds which are called Japanese plum of one variety may be crossed with a variety ofEuropean plum or American plum. The resulting offspring wouldbe called a hybrid. This method of producing new vari
. Horticulture; a text book for high schools and normals, including plant propagation; plant breeding; gardening; orcharding; small fruit growing; forestry; beautifying home grounds; the soils and enemies involved. strongly in his mind. Hybrids.—New forms are often created by crossing ratherdistinct forms. Pollen taken from one variety of apples and crossedon other varieties would produce seeds which are called Japanese plum of one variety may be crossed with a variety ofEuropean plum or American plum. The resulting offspring wouldbe called a hybrid. This method of producing new varieties of plants is quite com-monly practiced by plant breeders. MENDELS LAW OF FIXATION OF TYPE 25 The process of pollinating the pistil of one plant with pollenfrom another is quite simple. A soft, camels hair brush is rubbedon the stamens to secure the pollen. This may be dusted into asmall vial and properly labeled. When it is carried to the plantbearing the pistils the flowers must be emasculated; that is, thestamens should be clipped out with a pair of fine pointed scissorsbefore the pollen is shed on the pistil. The new pollen from thevial is then dusted on the pistil with the soft brush. Paper bags. Eig. 14.—Relative sizes of radishes grown from small and large seed. tied over the flowers will keep away the foreign pollen which mightotherwise be brought by bees and wind. Home gardeners will find much interest in studying the methodshere described and they may be tried with such instruments as maybe found in any home. Mendels Law of Fixation of Type.—When plants of differenttype have been used in plant breeding to form new types or varie-ties, the offspring will continue to vary in their characteristics andseveral generations will be required to reasonably fix the new type. 26 PLANT BREEDING Mendel formulated a law governing the rapidity with which plantstend to become fixed in their characters after the original we consider one pair of characteristics,
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