A handbook of figure skating arranged for use on the ice; with over six hundred diagrams and illustrations . display his individual skill and his skill in adapting tion, when a turn is executed, a considerable musculareffort is required of the employed foot, which is jerkedround sharply with a click. The aim, too, of the skaterfrom the Edgadine being- to skate all his curves of extralarge size and at extra high speed, the bending of the bodyat the moment of striking is exaggerated, and a decidedstamp to gain force is apparent. These peculiarities pro-duce a general effect which is the very rev
A handbook of figure skating arranged for use on the ice; with over six hundred diagrams and illustrations . display his individual skill and his skill in adapting tion, when a turn is executed, a considerable musculareffort is required of the employed foot, which is jerkedround sharply with a click. The aim, too, of the skaterfrom the Edgadine being- to skate all his curves of extralarge size and at extra high speed, the bending of the bodyat the moment of striking is exaggerated, and a decidedstamp to gain force is apparent. These peculiarities pro-duce a general effect which is the very reverse of graceful,and, when carried to their logical extreme, must be held tojustify the reproach that the ultra-British style of skatingis stilted, wooden, and ungraceful. — Monfer- Williams,Figure Skating, 189S, p. 63. himself to the powers of others. Here, too, is his oppor-tunity for fast and bold skating, with a new and vivid joygained from some slight element of danger other than thatto which he is accustomed. The skaters together now gainwhat they lacked above : they have become interesting and. 3 — Frank Swift (Wm. H. Bishop), Championof America, 1S68 give pleasure to the onlooker. Even one who knowsnothing of the art can appreciate a good combined strength, boldness, smoothness were there before, butnow all skate with an almost machine-like regularity atthe call of one; and that they should be able to make *3 such designs, intricate in themselves, in such harmony,from an apparently meaningless call, seems little short ofmarvellous.* RULES FOR AMERICAN FORM Freedom from restrictions has been the cardinal princi-ple of the promoters of American skating. The first andonly original American text-book (1868) bears the nameof Frank Swift, Wm. H. Bishop, champion of Amer-ica, 1868, but was written by Marvin R. Clark, who wasnot a skater. His rules for correct form, probably reflectadequately the usage of his time. The body should be erect, but yielding, and kept
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