. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . branches, various minorside-branches should begrafted. These will serveto fill out the new top andto afford footholds for prun-ers and pickers. Fig. 127 isa good illustration of an oldtree just top-grafted. Manystubs should be set, and atleast all the prominentbranches should be grafted if thetree has been well-trained. It isbetter to have toomany stubs and to beobliged to cut outsome of them in afteryears, than to havetoo few. Small trees,with a central axis(such as have beenset only two or threeyears) may be cut offbodily
. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . branches, various minorside-branches should begrafted. These will serveto fill out the new top andto afford footholds for prun-ers and pickers. Fig. 127 isa good illustration of an oldtree just top-grafted. Manystubs should be set, and atleast all the prominentbranches should be grafted if thetree has been well-trained. It isbetter to have toomany stubs and to beobliged to cut outsome of them in afteryears, than to havetoo few. Small trees,with a central axis(such as have beenset only two or threeyears) may be cut offbodily, as at R in ; such trees canusually be changedover in one or twoyears. In thick-nS. Stub for top-giafting a young tree, topped trees, care must be exercised notto cut out so much foliage the first year that the innerbranches will sunburn. All large branches which must besacrificed ought to be cut out when the grafting is done,as they increase in diameter very rapidly after so much ofthe top is horizontal branch lying directly over or under another. TOP-GRAFTING OLD TREES. 125 should not be grafted, for it is the habit of grafts to growupright rather than horizontal in the direction of thebranch; and it is well to split all stubs on such brancheshorizontally, that one cion may not stand directly underanother. The habit of growth of the cion is well shownin Fig. 129. This illustrates the form and direction of theoriginal branch, and also the direction which the yearlinggrafts have taken. It is evident, therefore, that a top-graftedtree is narrower and denser in top than the tree originally was, and that careful pruningis required to keep it suffi-ciently open. Each graft isvirtually a new tree-top placedinto the tree, and for this rea-
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Keywords: ., boo, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectplantpropagation
