. The biology of the amphibia. Amphibians. 500 THE BIOLOGY OF THE AMPHIBIA seems to be Borborocoetes, of wide distribution throughout South and Central America. It has maxillary and vomerine teeth, very- short webs (sometimes lacking) between the toes, and non- dilated digit tips. The terminal phalanges are knobbed or bluntly T-shaped. Ceratophrys differs from this stock only in its larger head, more extensive webs between the toes, and simple terminal phalanges. Zachaenus may be described as a Bor- borocoetes with a rounded tongue having a flounced or crenulated edge. Possibly the tongue is h
. The biology of the amphibia. Amphibians. 500 THE BIOLOGY OF THE AMPHIBIA seems to be Borborocoetes, of wide distribution throughout South and Central America. It has maxillary and vomerine teeth, very- short webs (sometimes lacking) between the toes, and non- dilated digit tips. The terminal phalanges are knobbed or bluntly T-shaped. Ceratophrys differs from this stock only in its larger head, more extensive webs between the toes, and simple terminal phalanges. Zachaenus may be described as a Bor- borocoetes with a rounded tongue having a flounced or crenulated edge. Possibly the tongue is highly extensible in life. Zachaenus is confined to eastern Brazil. Most species have a small, pointed head. Finally, Eleutherodactylus and Syrrhophus agree closely with Borborocoetes but have T-shaped terminal phalanges. A. Fig. 159.—Hylorina sylvatica, a Chilean bufonid. few species of Eleutherodactylus have extensive webs and others have none at all, some have broad digital discs and others appar- ently (but not actually, as shown by their histology) lack these adhesive discs. Syrrhophus is merely an Eleutherodactylus without vomerine teeth. The history of the Pseudinae cannot be followed in the fossil record. Only Ceratophrys has been described as a fossil and this from the Pleistocene of Brazil. Subfamily 4. Rhinophryninae.—The Mexican burrowing toad, Rhinophrynus, is so highly specialized that it may well be isolated in a subfamily distinct from the Pseudinae with which it seems to have the closest affinities. Its pectoral girdle alone is dis- tinctive, the omosternum being rudimentary and the sternum entirely lacking. Teeth are lacking and the tongue is peculiar in that it is free anteriorly and apparently protrusible in mammal, rather than in frog, fashion. A close parallel occurs in the African. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookpublishernewyorkmcgr, booksubjectamphibians
