. The anatomy of the central nervous system of man and of vertebrates in general. Neuroanatomy; Central Nervous System. THE BEAIN OF MAMMALS AND THE OLFACTOET APPARATUS. 223 In the vertebrate series arcuate fissures occur more frequently than any other. On the richly convoluted brain of the narwhal they form the type of the entire fissuration (Fig. HG). They are numbered, counting from the Sylvian fissure out, as the first, second, etc., arcuate fissure, or they are also named as: fissura ectosylvia, fissura suj)rasylvia, etc. On the brain of the dog, which here follows, a number of these fiss
. The anatomy of the central nervous system of man and of vertebrates in general. Neuroanatomy; Central Nervous System. THE BEAIN OF MAMMALS AND THE OLFACTOET APPARATUS. 223 In the vertebrate series arcuate fissures occur more frequently than any other. On the richly convoluted brain of the narwhal they form the type of the entire fissuration (Fig. HG). They are numbered, counting from the Sylvian fissure out, as the first, second, etc., arcuate fissure, or they are also named as: fissura ectosylvia, fissura suj)rasylvia, etc. On the brain of the dog, which here follows, a number of these fissures are again recognized from the form and the loca- tion. At the posterior boundary of the frontal lobe a short sulcus passes downward in a vertical course: the fissura cruciata. It probably corresponds to the fissura centralis; yet the identity of the two fissures is not undisputed. As was mentioned in the second chapter, the brains of many animals are entirely smooth. On others there are found only slight indications of sulci. On many brains—for example, those of the horse and the cow—the arcuate type is only distinct in the territories lying next to the Sylvian fissure— toward the edge of the brain the fissures have a more sagittal course. It. Fig. 147.—Brain of a dog. The frontal lobe is shaded. would be too much of a digression to mention what is at present known con- cerning the direction of the sulci in the various classes of animals. The examples given are only intended to illustrate certain types and to serve as an introduction to studies of your own. Our knowledge of the course of the convolutions of the brain comes from the investigations of BurdacJi (median surface), Leiiret, GratioJet, Meynert (comparative anatomy), Bisclioff, Ecl;er, and Paiisch (growing and adult brain). Moreover, there exist numerous investigations on separate regions of the brain: on the gyri running near the margin of the brain by Broca and Zuckerkandl; on the frontal gyri by Ebersta
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